Association between the proportion of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infections detected by passive surveillance and the magnitude of the asymptomatic reservoir in the community: a pooled analysis of paired health facility and community data
| Autor: | Chris Drakeley, Julia Mwesigwa, Umberto D'Alessandro, Antonio M. Quispe, Kimberly M. Fornace, Joanna Gallay, Michelle A. Chang, Jacklin F. Mosha, Siv Sovannaroth, Jordi Landier, Fitsum G. Tadesse, Nuno Sepúlveda, André Siqueira, Gilles Delmas, François Nosten, Ewan Cameron, Teun Bousema, Fe Espino, Daniel J. Bridges, Jennifer C. Stevenson, Koukeo Phommasone, Emilie Pothin, John M. Miller, Karen E. S. Hamre, Alyssa J. Young, Mayfong Mayxay, Marcus V. G. Lacerda, Shunmay Yeung, Lynn Grignard, Arjen M. Dondorp, Thomas P. Eisele, Peter W. Gething, Gillian Stresman, Pauline Joy Lorenzo, Daniel M. Parker, Katherine E. Battle, Jean Frantz Lemoine, Maria Lourdes M. Macalinao, Lorenz von Seidlein, Jane Achan |
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| Přispěvatelé: | London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine [Fajara, The Gambia], PATH Malaria Control and Elimination Partnership in Africa [Chainama Grounds Lusaka, Zambia] (MACEPA), National Malaria Elimination Centre [Chainama Grounds Lusaka, Zambia] (Ministry of Health), Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine [New Orleans, LA, USA], Mwanza Medical Research Centre [Mwanza, Tanzania], Research Institute for Tropical Medicine [Manila, Philippines], Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Universidad Continental [Huancayo, Peru], Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado [Manaus, Brazil], Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Instituto Elimina [Manaus, Brazil], National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control [Phnom Penh, Cambodia] (CNM), Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel], Clinton health Access Initiative Boston (CHAI), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Atlanta] (CDC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Clinton Health Access Initiative [Port-au-Prince, Haiti], Programme National de Contrôle de la Malaria, Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Population [Port-au-Prince, Haiti] (MSPP), Mahosot Hospital [Vientiane, Laos], Nuffield Department of Medicine [Oxford, UK] (Big Data Institute), University of Oxford [Oxford], University of Health Sciences [Vientiane, Laos] (UHS), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California, Mahidol University [Bangkok], Shoklo Malaria Research Unit [Mae Sot, Thailand] (SMRU), Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Wellcome Trust-Mahidol University [Bangkok]-University of Oxford [Oxford]-Wellcome Trust-Mahidol University [Bangkok]-University of Oxford [Oxford], Perth Children's Hospital [Nedlands, WA, Australia], Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Institute for Disease Modelling [Seattle, WA, USA], Graduate School, AII - Infectious diseases, APH - Global Health, APH - Methodology, Intensive Care Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), University of Oxford, University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC), University of Oxford-Mahidol University [Bangkok]-Wellcome Trust-University of Oxford-Mahidol University [Bangkok]-Wellcome Trust, Dupuis, Christine |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] Plasmodium vivax Vivax law.invention 0302 clinical medicine law 80 and over Prevalence 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment Cluster Analysis Medicine Public Health Surveillance Longitudinal Studies Aetiology Malaria Falciparum Child Asymptomatic Infections Aged 80 and over screening and diagnosis education.field_of_study biology Middle Aged 3. Good health [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] Detection Infectious Diseases Transmission (mechanics) Medical Microbiology Child Preschool Public Health and Health Services Female 4.4 Population screening Seasons medicine.symptom Infection Falciparum Adult medicine.medical_specialty Asia Adolescent Clinical Sciences 030231 tropical medicine Population Plasmodium falciparum Microbiology Asymptomatic Article Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences Rare Diseases All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center Clinical Research parasitic diseases Malaria Vivax Humans Preschool education Aged Disease Reservoirs business.industry Public health Infant Bayes Theorem Odds ratio biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Malaria Vector-Borne Diseases Good Health and Well Being lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4] Cross-Sectional Studies 030104 developmental biology Africa Human medicine Health Facilities Americas business Demography |
| Zdroj: | The Lancet. Infectious Diseases The Lancet Infectious Diseases The Lancet Infectious Diseases, New York, NY : Elsevier Science ; The Lancet Pub. Group, 2001-, 2020, 20 (8), pp.953-963. ⟨10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30059-1⟩ Lancet infectious diseases, 20(8), 953-963. Lancet Publishing Group The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2020, 20 (8), pp.953-963. ⟨10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30059-1⟩ Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20, 953-963 Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20, 8, pp. 953-963 The lancet infectious diseases The Lancet. Infectious diseases, vol 20, iss 8 |
| ISSN: | 1474-4457 1473-3099 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30059-1⟩ |
| Popis: | Background: \ud Passively collected malaria case data are the foundation for public health decision making. However, because of population-level immunity, infections might not always be sufficiently symptomatic to prompt individuals to seek care. Understanding the proportion of all Plasmodium spp infections expected to be detected by the health system becomes particularly paramount in elimination settings. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the proportion of infections detected and transmission intensity for Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in several global endemic settings.\ud \ud Methods: \ud The proportion of infections detected in routine malaria data, P(Detect), was derived from paired household cross-sectional survey and routinely collected malaria data within health facilities. P(Detect) was estimated using a Bayesian model in 431 clusters spanning the Americas, Africa, and Asia. The association between P(Detect) and malaria prevalence was assessed using log-linear regression models. Changes in P(Detect) over time were evaluated using data from 13 timepoints over 2 years from The Gambia.\ud \ud Findings: \ud The median estimated P(Detect) across all clusters was 12·5% (IQR 5·3–25·0) for P falciparum and 10·1% (5·0–18·3) for P vivax and decreased as the estimated log-PCR community prevalence increased (adjusted odds ratio [OR] for P falciparum 0·63, 95% CI 0·57–0·69; adjusted OR for P vivax 0·52, 0·47–0·57). Factors associated with increasing P(Detect) included smaller catchment population size, high transmission season, improved care-seeking behaviour by infected individuals, and recent increases (within the previous year) in transmission intensity.\ud \ud Interpretation: \ud The proportion of all infections detected within health systems increases once transmission intensity is sufficiently low. The likely explanation for P falciparum is that reduced exposure to infection leads to lower levels of protective immunity in the population, increasing the likelihood that infected individuals will become symptomatic and seek care. These factors might also be true for P vivax but a better understanding of the transmission biology is needed to attribute likely reasons for the observed trend. In low transmission and pre-elimination settings, enhancing access to care and improvements in care-seeking behaviour of infected individuals will lead to an increased proportion of infections detected in the community and might contribute to accelerating the interruption of transmission.\ud \ud Funding: \ud Wellcome Trust. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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