Pediatric Barcelona Olfactory Test ̶ 6 (pBOT-6): Validation of a Combined Odor Identification and Threshold Screening Test in Healthy Spanish Children and Adolescents
| Autor: | Claudio Fragola, A Aguirre, M J Rojas Lechuga, J Valero, G de Los Santos, Ignacio Cobeta, Isam Alobid, Meritxell Valls-Mateus, Jordi Alonso, J Mullol, Amparo Santamaría, Franklin Mariño-Sánchez |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Olfactometria medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Screening test Intraclass correlation Immunology Olfaction Audiology Sensitivity and Specificity Reference Values Olfactometry medicine Humans Immunology and Allergy In patient Child Children Diagnostic Tests Routine Two-alternative forced choice business.industry Age Factors Reproducibility of Results Healthy Volunteers Test (assessment) Smell Odor Spain Sensory Thresholds Odorants Female business Infants Pediatric population |
| Zdroj: | Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya instname Dipòsit Digital de la UB Universidad de Barcelona |
| ISSN: | 1018-9068 |
| Popis: | Background: Few odor tests have been developed for children. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a simple and quick olfactory test to evaluate odor identification and threshold in a Spanish pediatric population. Methods: The Pediatric Barcelona Olfactory Test-6 (pBOT-6) consisted of a set of 6 odorants for a forced choice identification test and a 6-dilution phenyl ethyl alcohol geometric series for the threshold test. The pBOT-6 was compared with the Universal Sniff test (a validated international pediatric smell test) in 131 healthy Spanish volunteers aged 6-17 years. A Bland-Altman plot was used to determine the agreement between the 2 tests. Reliability was analyzed in 15 volunteers using the intraclass correlation coefficient. Normative data were obtained, and 8 children diagnosed with subjective loss of smell were tested for validation. Results: The Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated a minimal bias of –1.71% with upper and lower limits of agreement of –31.1% and 27.6%, respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.83 (95%CI, 0.6-0.96) for the identification test and 0.73 (95%CI, 0.36-0.9) for the threshold test, with excellent and good consistency between measurements over time. Mean pBOT-6 scores were significantly higher in healthy volunteers than in patients with loss of smell. Discrimination between normosmia and loss of smell was achieved with a sensitivity of 96.9% and a specificity of 100%. Conclusions: pBOT-6 offers an effective and fast method that is useful in clinical routine to distinguish, with high sensitivity and specificity, between pediatric patients with normosmia and those with loss of smell. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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