Prospects for Skin Cancer Treatment and Prevention: The Potential Contribution of an Engineered Virus
| Autor: | Jennifer A. Cafardi, Mohammad Athar, Craig A. Elmets, Rubina Shafi |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Keratinocytes
Skin Neoplasms DNA Repair DNA repair DNA damage Ultraviolet Rays Administration Topical Biomedical Engineering Pyrimidine dimer Human skin Chlorella Dermatology Biology Biochemistry Article Cell Line DNA Glycosylases 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine medicine Humans Molecular Biology Skin 030304 developmental biology Cell Nucleus 0303 health sciences integumentary system DNA Base excision repair Cell Biology Fibroblasts medicine.disease Virology 3. Good health Pyrimidine Dimers DNA glycosylase Carcinoma Basal Cell 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Cancer research Carcinoma Squamous Cell Skin cancer Nucleotide excision repair DNA Damage |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 131(3):559-561 |
| ISSN: | 0022-202X |
| DOI: | 10.1038/jid.2010.394 |
| Popis: | Nonmelanoma skin cancers, which include basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas, are among the most common human malignancies. Although they are typically not lethal, they are responsible for tissue deformity and substantial morbidity in humans, particularly in high risk populations such as organ transplant recipients. Solar UVB, which is a major etiologic factor for this kind of malignancy, produces DNA lesions that include cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) and 6–4 photoproducts in the skin. Human cells remove these lesions through nucleotide excision repair. Humans lack a DNA glycosylase required to initiate base excision repair of pyrimidine-pyrimidine photoproducts but produce all of the other proteins required for this form of DNA repair process. In this issue of the Journal of Investigative Dermatology, Johnson et al show that a DNA glycosylase derived from Chlorella virus and engineered to enhance tissue penetration and nuclear localization, can effectively remove these UVB-induced DNA lesions in a human skin equivalent model and the protein can be incorporated into a topical formulation for the prevention and treatment of UVB-induced DNA damage. These studies are highly pertinent and suggest that such an enzyme may be eventually incorporated into regimens for the chemoprevention of skin cancers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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