Where, How, and When: Positioning Posttranslational Modification Within Type 1 Diabetes Pathogenesis
| Autor: | Menno van Lummel, Bart O. Roep, Rene J. Mclaughlin, Matthew P. Spindler |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
endocrine system endocrine system diseases Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Autoimmunity Computational biology Biology medicine.disease_cause Pathogenesis 03 medical and health sciences Islets of Langerhans Immune system Antigen Risk Factors High-risk HLA Autoimmune disease medicine Internal Medicine Animals Humans geography Type 1 diabetes geography.geographical_feature_category Histocompatibility Antigens Class I Peripheral tolerance Islet antigens medicine.disease Islet 3. Good health Immunology and Transplantation (L Piemonti and V Sordi Section Editors) 030104 developmental biology Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 Immunology Posttranslational modification Protein Processing Post-Translational |
| Zdroj: | Current Diabetes Reports Current Diabetes Reports, 16(7) |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s11892-016-0752-4 |
| Popis: | Autoreactive T cells specific for islet autoantigens develop in type 1 diabetes (T1D) by escaping central as well as peripheral tolerance. The current paradigm for development of islet autoimmunity is just beginning to include the contribution of posttranslationally modified (PTM) islet autoantigens, for which the immune system may be ignorant rather than tolerant. As a result, PTM is the latest promising lead in the quest to understand how the break in peripheral tolerance occurs in T1D. However, it is not completely clear how, where, or when these modifications take place. Currently, only a few PTM antigens have been well-thought-out or identified in T1D, and methods for identifying and characterizing new PTM antigens are rapidly improving. This review will address both reported and potential new sources of modified islet autoantigens and discuss how islet neo-autoantigen generation may contribute to the development and progression of T1D. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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