Prevalence and incidence rate of HIV, hepatitis B and C among drug users on methadone maintenance treatment in Geneva between 1988 and 1995
| Autor: | Jean-Jacques Déglon, Luc Perrin, Christian Junet, Barbara Broers, Michel Bourquin, Bernard Hirschel |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 1998 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Methadone maintenance medicine.medical_specialty Hepatitis B/complications/ epidemiology Immunology Population HIV Infections medicine.disease_cause Cohort Studies Switzerland/epidemiology Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Internal medicine medicine Prevalence Immunology and Allergy Humans Prospective Studies Substance Abuse Intravenous education Substance Abuse Intravenous/complications/ drug therapy Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis ddc:616 education.field_of_study business.industry Incidence (epidemiology) Incidence virus diseases Hepatitis B medicine.disease Methadone/ therapeutic use Hepatitis C digestive system diseases Infectious Diseases Hepatitis C/complications/ epidemiology HIV Infections/complications/ epidemiology Female business Methadone Switzerland medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | AIDS, Vol. 12, No 15 (1998) pp. 2059-2066 |
| ISSN: | 0269-9370 |
| Popis: | A national campaign against AIDS began in Switzerland in 1986 including specific HIV prevention measures for drug users (DUs) implemented in Geneva. Those measures include making syringes available in pharmacies since 1987 and in a bus circulating in the city since 1991 improving from 1991 access to the methadone maintenance program launched in 1976 and efforts by drug treatment centers to attract more clients. Since 1988 706 DUs have been enrolled in the Geneva Methadone Cohort Study being tested every 6 months for HIV hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Results up to December 1995 are presented. 77.3% of participants were male and of mean age 27.0 years at entry into the program (range 17.4-48.4 years). 83% had injected drugs at least once. Overall prevalence of infection was 18.9% for HIV 45.0% for HBV and 58.3% for HCV with injectors having higher prevalence for all 3 viruses compared with noninjectors. None of the 119 noninjecting DUs were infected with HIV. The prevalence at entry into treatment decreased markedly over time for all 3 viruses. Comparing DUs beginning treatment before 1988 against those who began treatment after 1993 the prevalence of HIV was 38.2% vs. 4.5% respectively; that of HBV 80.5% vs. 20.1%; and that of HCV 91.6% vs. 29.8%. The incidence rates per 100 person-years of follow-up were 0.6 for HIV 2.1 for HBV and 4.2 for HCV. The incidence rate of HCV was 2.7% among men and 9.6% among women. Selection bias in the study sample an increase in the proportion of noninjectors the admission of lower risk DUs into the study in later years and decrease in out-of-treatment time and more safe drug use among injecting DUs are discussed as potential factors for the decline in viral prevalences. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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