Fate of filter materials and microbial communities during vermifiltration process

Autor: Harinaivo A. Andrianisa, Yacouba Konate, Amadou Hama Maiga, Amare Tiruneh Adugna
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
NH4+
Ammonium
Biochemical oxygen demand
0208 environmental biotechnology
02 engineering and technology
010501 environmental sciences
dCOD
Dissolved Chemical Oxygen Demand
Greywater
Waste Disposal
Fluid
01 natural sciences
Waste Management and Disposal
Cow dung
VF3
Cow dung Vermifilter 3
Microbiota
Chemical oxygen demand
TSS
Total Suspended Solids
Vermifiltration
General Medicine
Sawdust
Pulp and paper industry
VF2
Sawdust Vermifilter 2
Filter materials
visual_art
visual_art.visual_art_medium
MC
Moisture Content
Female
VS/TS
Volatile Solids to Total Solids
Environmental Engineering
tCOD
Total Chemical Oxygen Demand
Management
Monitoring
Policy and Law
Article
VF1
Sawdust Vermifilter 1
Water Purification
Eudrilus eugeniae
PO43−
Orthophosphate
Animals
TKN
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Oligochaeta
Effluent
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Total suspended solids
Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis
NO2−
Nitrite
Total dissolved solids
020801 environmental engineering
NO3−
Nitrate
BOD5
Biological Oxygen Demand
Environmental science
Cattle
CFU
Colony Forming Unit
Filtration
Zdroj: Journal of Environmental Management
ISSN: 0301-4797
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.04.076
Popis: The fate of filter materials and microbial communities during the vermifiltration process were studied for 5 months while treating the concentrated greywater. Four filters were filled with 10 cm gravel of which a layer of medium size gravel (5 cm thickness, aggregate size 20–40 mm) at the bottom and a layer of coarse gravel (5 cm thickness, aggregate size 10–20 mm) at the top, then filled with 20 cm sand (d60 = 0.2 mm, d10 = 0.118 mm). Finally, Vermifilter 1 (VF1), control unit and Vermifilter 2 (VF2), were filled with 40 cm fine sawdust (0.05–5 mm) but Vermifilter 3 (VF3), was filled with 40 cm cow dung (0.05–5 mm). Three filters were inoculated with 200 individuals of Eudrilus eugeniae except for the control unit which was filled with sawdust. Five sampling ports were installed on the wall of the filters at 10 cm intervals with reference to the surface of the top layer. Three of the filters were supplied with concentrated greywater and VF1 was supplied with drinking water at the hydraulic loading rate of 16 L m−2.d−1 on batch basis, i.e., four times a day at 8:00 a.m., 11:00 a.m., 2:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m. Weekly, samples from influent and effluent, and monthly, samples of filter materials collected via sampling ports, were collected and analyzed.The removal efficiencies of biological oxygen demand (BOD5), total chemical oxygen demand (tCOD), and dissolved chemical oxygen demand (dCOD) of VF2 and VF3 were 5–7% higher than the control unit, but little differences were observed in terms of total suspended solids (TSS). However, the removal efficiencies of nutrients for the control unit was slightly better than VF2 and VF3. The pH and Moisture content (MC) of filter materials increased along the depth, but percentage of volatile solids to total solids (VS/TS) decreased through time due to the high number of microbial communities and earthworms dominating the top layer compared to the bottom. The performance of VF2-sawdust was slightly better than VF3-cow dung to treat concentrated greywater.
Highlights • Fate of filter materials and microbial communities during vermifiltration process were studied. • Ratio of volatile solids to total solids decreased during vermifiltration process in filter materials. • The bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi intensified where earthworms dominated. • VF2-Sawdust performed slightly better than the VF3-Cow dung.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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