Material flow analysis applied to rare earth elements in Europe
| Autor: | Johann Tuduri, Alain Rollat, Marianne Planchon, Nicolas Charles, Didier Dubois, Dominique Guyonnet, Hélène Fargier, Victoire Escalon, Stéphane Vaxelaire |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), BIO Intelligence Service, BIO IS, Solvay, Argumentation, Décision, Raisonnement, Incertitude et Apprentissage (IRIT-ADRIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-11-ECOT-0002,ASTER,Analyse Systémique des TErres Rares – flux et stocks(2011), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), SOLVAY (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières - BRGM (FRANCE), Deloitte (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE) |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Strategy and Management
Earth science Rare earth [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences Mineralogy Material flow analysis Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering law.invention law Sankey diagram media_common.cataloged_instance European union Rare earth elements Fluorescent lamp General Environmental Science media_common Logique en informatique Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment Informatique et langage Intelligence artificielle REE Energy sector Apprentissage Material flow Environmental science MFA |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Cleaner Production Journal of Cleaner Production, Elsevier, 2015, 26 p. ⟨10.1016/j.clepro.2015.04.123⟩ |
| ISSN: | 0959-6526 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.04.123 |
| Popis: | International audience; This paper explores flows and stocks, at the scale of the European Union, of certain rare earth elements (REEs; Pr, Nd, Eu, Tb, Dy and Y) which are associated with products that are important for the decarbonisation of the energy sector and that also have strong recycling potential. Material flow analyses were performed considering the various steps along the value chain (separation of rare earth oxides, manufacture of products, etc.) and including the lithosphere as a potential stock (potential geological resources). Results provide estimates of flows of rare earths into use, in-use stocks and waste streams. Flows into use of, e.g., Tb in fluorescent lamp phosphors, Nd and Dy in permanent magnets and Nd in battery applications were estimated, for selected reference year 2010, as 35, 1230, 230 and 120 tons respectively. The proposed Sankey diagrams illustrate the strong imbalance of flows of permanent magnet REEs along the value chain, with Europe relying largely on the import of finished products (magnets and applications). It is estimated that around 2020, the amounts of Tb in fluorescent lamps and Nd in permanent magnets recycled each year in Europe, could be on the order of 10 tons for Tb and between 170 and 230 tons for Nd. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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