Risk factors associated with developmental delay in pre-school children from a low income urban/rural community of Santiago, Chile
| Autor: | Luisa Schonhaut B, Ana M Kaempffer R, Paulina Rojas N |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2005 |
| Předmět: |
Pediatrics
medicine.medical_specialty education.field_of_study Rural community pobreza business.industry Population Early detection Desarrollo psicomotor Test (assessment) developmental delay Health promotion Intervention (counseling) Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health medicine factores de riesgo risk factors Infant development Early childhood education business low income |
| Zdroj: | Revista chilena de pediatría, Volume: 76, Issue: 6, Pages: 589-598, Published: DEC 2005 Revista chilena de pediatría v.76 n.6 2005 SciELO Chile CONICYT Chile instacron:CONICYT |
| ISSN: | 0370-4106 |
| DOI: | 10.4067/s0370-41062005000600006 |
| Popis: | Introducción: La ciencia ha demostrado la importancia del desarrollo infantil temprano. En nuestro país se realizan evaluaciones seriadas y estandarizadas del desarrollo psicomotor (DSM) en lactantes y preescolares, con el propósito de pesquisar e intervenir precozmente trastornos del desarrollo. Objetivo: Identificar factores de riesgo (FR) para déficit DSM en preescolares de bajo nivel socioeconómico, pertenecientes a un centro de salud familiar (CESFAM), comuna urbano rural, área norte, Región Metropolitana. Metodología: Revisión retrospectiva de 159 fichas individuales y familiares de preescolares sanos, con TEPSI correspondiente a los 4 años, realizado, según programa, el 2003. Grupo estudio (GE): todos los niños con déficit del DSM. Grupo comparación (GC): selección secuencial de fichas con test normal realizado durante el último trimestre. Resultados: El 2003 se realizó TEPSI a 541/610 niños en control en el CESFAM. GE 76 niños con déficit, GC 83 preescolares con DSM normal. 23% GC tenía algún subtest alterado, generalmente lenguaje. FR déficit DSM: varones (p 0,0006), familias de mayor pobreza (p 0,0018), captación en CESFAM posterior a 12 meses de edad (p 0,0075), no asistencia a educación preescolar (p 0,0075), sospecha de déficit DSM en evaluaciones previas (p 0,0013) y madres analfabetas (p 0,018). Conclusiones: Se identifican los factores de riesgo de déficit del desarrollo psicomotor en la infancia, destacando el bajo nivel socioeconómico y las acciones de prevención y educación. La importancia de conocer los FR es identificar aquellos niños que requieren de una intervención más dirigida, para favorecer la expresión de su potencial Introduction: Science has proven the importance of early childhood development. In Chile, infants and pre-school children undergo serial standardized screening tests, aiming for early detection and intervention of developmental delays. Objective: to identify risk factors (RF) for developmental delay in pre-school children who belong to a Family Health Center serving a low-income urban/rural community, in the Metropolitan Region (North Area) of Santiago. Method: Retrospective review of 159 healthy pre-school children files (including personal and family charts), who had their TEPSI development screening test at 4 years-old, according to the program during 2003. The study group (SG) included all children with developmental deficits, and the control group (CG) was obtained from sequential selection of charts from children with normal test performed during the last trimester of 2003. Results: In 2003, 541 of 610 children under control at the Family Health Center had the TEPSI test due at age 4. SG included 76 children with developmental delay (abnormal test); CG included 83 children with normal development. 23% of the CG had some abnormal sub-test (usually involving language). RF for developmental deficit: male sex (p0.0006), poorer families (p0.0018), Family Health Center registration after 12 month of age (p 0.0075), not attending pre-school education (p 0.0075), suspected developmental deficit in previous evaluations (p 0.0013) and illiterate mother (p 0.018). Conclusions: In a low-income population, preventive actions including health promotion and education play a protective role on infant development. To know the risk factors for developmental disability helps to identify those children who require a more intensive intervention, in order to promote the expression of their potential |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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