Diet management to effectively abate N2O emissions from surface applied pig slurry
| Autor: | A. Beccaccia, Laura Sánchez-Martín, Fernando Estellés, Paloma García-Rebollar, Karina A. Marsden, Alberto Sanz-Cobena, David R. Chadwick, Antonio Vallejo, C. de Blas |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Carbon dioxide emissions
PRODUCCION ANIMAL Nitrous oxide emissions chemistry.chemical_compound Diet manipulation Nitrate Ammonium Food science Benzoic acid 2. Zero hunger Ecology Chemistry Agricultura 0402 animal and dairy science Hippuric acid 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Nitrous oxide 040201 dairy & animal science Manure 6. Clean water Diet fibre conten Biochemistry 13. Climate action Carbon dioxide 040103 agronomy & agriculture Slurry 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Animal Science and Zoology Agronomy and Crop Science |
| Zdroj: | Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, ISSN 0167-8809, 2017-02-15, Vol. 239 Archivo Digital UPM Universidad Politécnica de Madrid RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia instname |
| Popis: | [EN] Application of manure (urine and/or feces) to agricultural soils enhances emissions of gases such as nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Some minor N compounds such as hippuric acid and benzoic acid present in urine can be controlled through diet manipulation to mitigate these emissions. The aim of this study was to evaluate how the inclusion of fibrous by-products in the diet of pigs affects hippuric and benzoic acid concentrations in the excreted urine/slurry, and their possible effect on N2O emissions following application of these manures to soil. Slurries were obtained from growing-finishing pigs fed five contrasting diets: a conventional diet (pig slurry control, PSC); and orange pulp and carob meal at a dietary fiber level of 75 or 150 g kg(-1) (OP-75; OP-150; CM-75; CM-150) and were then applied to mesocosms containing young ryegrass plants. A control treatment without slurry was also included. The N2O and CO2 emissions were measured using static chambers following slurry application, alongside measurements of soil ammonium (NH4), nitrate (NO3-), and dissolved organic carbon. Soils amended with slurries obtained from fibre by-products, OP and CM, decreased N2O emissions by 65 and 47%, respectively, compared with slurries obtained through a conventional pig diet. Benzoic acid was negatively correlated with N2O emission for slurries from OP diets, which had over double the hippuric acid content, and more than 1.8 times the benzoic acid content than the CM. However, this effect only occurred during the first week due to rapid degradation of this compound within soil. The possible toxic effect of benzoic acid did not appear to affect soil respiration, since a positive correlation was found. Results of a benzoic acid balance (considering both intake through feed and release through urine) indicated that the source of both acids were phenolic compounds (polyphenolic or lignin) present in the fibrous fraction. These results show that N2O emissions are more affected than CO2 by to compounds within urine/faeces that can be manipulated indirectly through the diet. The authors are grateful to the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the Autonomous Community of Madrid for their economic support through Projects AGL2011-30023, AGL2012-37815-CO5-01,AGL2015-64582-C3-3-R and the Agrisost Project S2013/ABI-2717. This study would not have been possible without technical assistance from the technicians and researchers at the Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Analysis of the Agronomy Faculty (Technical University of Madrid, UPM) especially Gemma Andreu Cadenas. We are also grateful to Dr. Pedro Aparicio for his support in determination of BA in feeds. The input from DRC and KAM contribute to the UK-China Virtual Joint Centre for Improved Nitrogen Agronomy (CINAg), funded by the Newton Fund via UK BBSRC/NERC (BB/N013468/1) |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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