Development of emergency response tools for accidental radiological contamination of French coastal areas

Autor: Damien Didier, Matthieu Caillaud, Celine Couvez, Philippe Renaud, Céline Duffa, Hervé Thébault, Franck Dumas, Bruno Fiévet, Mehdi Morillon, Pascal Bailly du Bois, Sabine Charmasson
Přispěvatelé: Laboratoire d'étude radioécologique du milieu continental et marin (LERCM), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Direction de l'Environnement et de l'Intervention, Laboratoire de Radioécologie de Cherbourg-Octeville (LRC), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), ACTIMAR, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Service Hydrographique et Océanographique de la Marine (SHOM), Ministère de la Défense, Microsystems Laboratory 4 (LMIS4), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Aquatic Organisms
Water Pollutants
Radioactive
Decision support system
medicine.medical_specialty
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Health
Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Population
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
Radioecology
Modelling
Disasters
Radiation Monitoring
Radioactive contamination
medicine
Environmental Chemistry
Seawater
14. Life underwater
education
Waste Management and Disposal
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Radioisotopes
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean
Atmosphere
Hydrology
education.field_of_study
Radionuclide
Marine
[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering
business.industry
Environmental resource management
Ocean current
Sampling (statistics)
General Medicine
Models
Theoretical
Contamination
Pollution
Nuclear accident
Decision support
13. Climate action
[SDE]Environmental Sciences
Environmental science
France
Radioactive Hazard Release
business
Zdroj: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Elsevier, 2016, 151, pp.487-494. ⟨10.1016/J.JENVRAD.2015.04.019⟩
Journal Of Environmental Radioactivity (0265-931X) (Elsevier Sci Ltd), 2016-01, Vol. 151, P. 487-494
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Elsevier, 2016, 151, pp.487-494. ⟨10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.04.019⟩
ISSN: 0265-931X
1879-1700
DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVRAD.2015.04.019⟩
Popis: International audience; The Fukushima nuclear accident resulted in the largest ever accidental release of artificial radionuclides in coastal waters. This accident has shown the importance of marine assessment capabilities for emergency response and the need to develop tools for adequately predicting the evolution and potential impact of radioactive releases to the marine environment. The French Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) equips its emergency response centre with operational tools to assist experts and decision makers in the event of accidental atmospheric releases and contamination of the terrestrial environment. The ongoing project aims to develop tools for the management of marine contamination events in French coastal areas. This should allow us to evaluate and anticipate post-accident conditions, including potential contamination sites, contamination levels and potential consequences. In order to achieve this goal, two complementary tools are developed: site-specific marine data sheets and a dedicated simulation tool (STERNE, Simulation du Transport et du transfert d'El ements Radioactifs dans l'environNEment marin). Marine data sheets are used to summarize the marine environment characteristics of the various sites considered, and to identify vulnerable areas requiring implementation of population protection measures , such as aquaculture areas, beaches or industrial water intakes, as well as areas of major ecological interest. Local climatological data (dominant sea currents as a function of meteorological or tidal conditions) serving as the basis for an initial environmental sampling strategy is provided whenever possible, along with a list of possible local contacts for operational management purposes. The STERNE simulation tool is designed to predict radionuclide dispersion and contamination in seawater and marine species by incorporating spatio-temporal data. 3D hydrodynamic forecasts are used as input data. Direct discharge points or atmospheric deposition source terms can be taken into account. STERNE calculates Eulerian radionuclide dispersion using advection and diffusion equations established offline from hydrodynamic calculations. A radioecological model based on dynamic transfer equations is implemented to evaluate activity concentrations in aquatic organisms. Essential radioecological parameters (concentration factors and single or multicomponent biological half-lives) have been compiled for main radionuclides and generic marine species (fish, molluscs, crustaceans and algae). Dispersion and transfer calculations are performed simultaneously on a 3D grid. Results can be plotted on maps, with possible tracking of spatio-temporal evolution. Post-processing and visualization can then be performed.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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