Visual Side Effects Linked to Sildenafil Consumption: An Update

Autor: Gema Esquiva, Eva Ausó, Violeta Gómez-Vicente
Přispěvatelé: Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Óptica, Farmacología y Anatomía, Grupo de Investigación en Alimentación y Nutrición (ALINUT), Grupo de Óptica y Percepción Visual (GOPV), Genética Humana y de Mamíferos (GHM), Neurobiología del Sistema Visual y Terapia de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (NEUROVIS)
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Guanylyl cyclase
medicine.medical_specialty
genetic structures
Photophobia
Sildenafil
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Review
General Biochemistry
Genetics and Molecular Biology
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Blurred vision
Ophthalmology
medicine
retinal toxicity
Phosphodiesterase
lcsh:QH301-705.5
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate
guanylyl cyclase
business.industry
Central serous retinopathy
Anatomía y Embriología Humana
Ischemic optic neuropathy
medicine.disease
eye diseases
respiratory tract diseases
Erectile dysfunction
lcsh:Biology (General)
chemistry
Retinal toxicity
cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5
cardiovascular system
030221 ophthalmology & optometry
viagra
sense organs
medicine.symptom
business
Viagra
phosphodiesterase
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj: RUA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante
Universidad de Alicante (UA)
Biomedicines, Vol 9, Iss 291, p 291 (2021)
Biomedicines
Popis: Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors such as Viagra® (sildenafil citrate) have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) by inducing cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) elevation followed by vasodilation and increased blood flow. It also exerts minor inhibitory action against PDE6, which is present exclusively in rod and cone photoreceptors. The effects of sildenafil on the visual system have been investigated in a wide variety of clinical and preclinical studies due to the fact that a high dose of sildenafil may cause mild and transient visual symptoms in some patients. A literature review was performed using PubMed, Cochrane Library and Clinical Trials databases from 1990 up to 2020, focusing on the pathophysiology of visual disorders induced by sildenafil. The aim of this review was not only to gather and summarize the information available on sildenafil clinical trials (CTs), but also to spot subpopulations with increased risk of developing undesirable visual side effects. This PDE inhibitor has been associated with transient and reversible ocular side effects, including changes in color vision and light perception, blurred vision, photophobia, conjunctival hyperemia and keratitis, and alterations in the electroretinogram (ERG). Sildenafil may induce a reversible increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) and a few case reports suggest it is involved in the development of nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). Reversible idiopathic serous macular detachment, central serous retinopathy and ERG disturbances have been related to the significant impact of sildenafil on retinal perfusion. So far, sildenafil does not seem to cause permanent toxic effects on chorioretinal tissue and photoreceptors as long as the therapeutic dose is not exceeded and is taken under a physician’s direction to treat a medical condition. However, the recreational use of sildenafil can lead to harmful side effects, including vision changes.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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