HIV Transmission at a Saudi Arabia Hemodialysis Unit
| Autor: | Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq, Faisal Mashragi, Sanaa M. Filemban, Ziad A. Memish, Abdullah G. Alzahrani, Mohammad A. AlMazroa, Abdullah M. Assiri, Robert S. Bernstein, Gwen Stephens, Mohammad Al Hazmi, Elaine Furukawa |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Microbiology (medical)
Adult Male medicine.medical_specialty Genes Viral medicine.medical_treatment Hepatitis C virus epidemic outbreak Prevalence Saudi Arabia HIV Infections medicine.disease_cause Medical Records Public health surveillance Renal Dialysis Internal medicine medicine Infection control Humans Public Health Surveillance Phylogeny Aged Cross Infection Infection Control Medical Audit hemodialysis Transmission (medicine) business.industry HIV Hepatitis C Hepatitis B Middle Aged medicine.disease Virology Infectious Diseases healthcare-associated infections HCV HIV/AIDS Kidney Failure Chronic Female Hemodialysis Guideline Adherence business Hospital Units |
| Zdroj: | Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America |
| ISSN: | 1537-6591 1058-4838 |
| Popis: | This study confirms the occurrence of hemodialysis-associated HIV infection. The occurrence of such transmission is linked to the suboptimal compliance with prevention and control of infection measures. Background. Hemodialysis is associated with increased risk of healthcare-associated infections but considered a low-risk setting for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. We investigated 3 hemodialysis unit (HDU) patients with new HIV infections to determine whether transmission was hemodialysis-associated and to correct factors that contributed to transmission. Methods. Each patient was evaluated for HIV risk factors. Blood samples were tested to determine relatedness of HIV strains. Clinical data (gathered over 18 months) was reviewed to identify seroconversions at 12 HDUs. Infection prevention and control practices were evaluated at 14 HDUs. Findings. No other HIV seroconversions were identified during the study. HIV gag, pol, and env gene sequences were consistent with a clonal relationship. HIV and hepatitis C virus prevalence rates at one HDU 1 (5.7% and 6.5%, respectively) were higher than for 11 other HDUs (0% and 0.15%, respectively). Conclusions. Sequencing supports either patient-to-patient or common-source transmission. Infections occurred despite Saudi Arabia's low HIV prevalence and national dialysis policies that emphasize stringent infection prevention and control practices. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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