Perineuronal nets control visual input via thalamic recruitment of cortical PV interneurons

Autor: Didi Lamers, Giulia Faini, Tommaso Pizzorusso, Gian Michele Ratto, Alberto Bacci, Andrea Aguirre, Silvia Landi, Charlotte Deleuze
Přispěvatelé: Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa (SNS), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Faini, Giulia, Aguirre, Andrea, Landi, Silvia, Lamers, Didi, Pizzorusso, Tommaso, Ratto, Gian Michele, Deleuze, Charlotte, Bacci, Alberto
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Mouse
genetic structures
[SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology
Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia
neuroscience
Mice
0302 clinical medicine
cortical circuit
Thalamus
synapse
Biology (General)
Visual Cortex
Neurons
Neocortex
Neuronal Plasticity
biology
General Neuroscience
Perineuronal net
cortical plasticity
General Medicine
Extracellular Matrix
Monocular deprivation
medicine.anatomical_structure
Medicine
Proteoglycans
Research Article
Interneuron
QH301-705.5
Science
interneuron
General Biochemistry
Genetics and Molecular Biology
cortical circuits
interneurons
mouse
perineuronal nets
synapses
visual corex
03 medical and health sciences
Glutamatergic
Neuroplasticity
medicine
Animals
Visual Pathways
General Immunology and Microbiology
030104 developmental biology
Visual cortex
biology.protein
perineuronal net
Neuroscience
Cell Adhesion Molecules
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Parvalbumin
Zdroj: eLife, Vol 7 (2018)
eLife
eLife 7 (2018). doi:10.7554/eLife.41520
info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Faini G.; Aguirre A.; Landi S.; Lamers D.; Pizzorusso T.; Ratto G.M.; Deleuze C.; Bacci A./titolo:Perineuronal nets control visual input via thalamic recruitment of cortical PV interneurons/doi:10.7554%2FeLife.41520/rivista:eLife/anno:2018/pagina_da:/pagina_a:/intervallo_pagine:/volume:7
eLife, eLife Sciences Publication, 2018, 7, pp.e41520. ⟨10.7554/eLife.41520⟩
ISSN: 2050-084X
Popis: In the neocortex, critical periods (CPs) of plasticity are closed following the accumulation of perineuronal nets (PNNs) around parvalbumin (PV)-positive inhibitory interneurons. However, how PNNs tune cortical function and plasticity is unknown. We found that PNNs modulated the gain of visual responses and γ-oscillations in the adult mouse visual cortex in vivo, consistent with increased interneuron function. Removal of PNNs in adult V1 did not affect GABAergic neurotransmission from PV cells, nor neuronal excitability in layer 4. Importantly, PNN degradation coupled to sensory input potentiated glutamatergic thalamic synapses selectively onto PV cells. In the absence of PNNs, increased thalamic PV-cell recruitment modulated feed-forward inhibition differently on PV cells and pyramidal neurons. These effects depended on visual input, as they were strongly attenuated by monocular deprivation in PNN-depleted adult mice. Thus, PNNs control visual processing and plasticity by selectively setting the strength of thalamic recruitment of PV cells.
eLife digest Our brains continue to develop after we are born. As sights, sounds and smells flood our senses, networks of neurons go through periods of rapid rewiring. Known as ‘postnatal critical periods’, the brain uses these periods to adapt to the signals supplied by our senses. For example, a postnatal critical period exists where infants develop the ability to process what they can see. If their vision is blocked until after the end of the critical period, they may not ever fully gain normal vision. In the outer layer of the brain, known as the cortex, neurons called parvalbumin basket cells appear to help to regulate critical periods. The basket cells synchronize the activity of groups of neurons, creating rhythmic patterns of neural impulses. In the visual cortex these patterns are the brain's way of representing incoming information from the eyes. When a critical period ends, dense nets of protein and sugar start to form around the basket cells in the neural circuit. Dissolving the nets in adult animals re-activates the ability of the circuit to rewire its connections. How the nets limit this rewiring in the first place was not known. Faini et al. have now investigated the role of the nets on the visual cortex of adult mice. Monitoring the activity of neurons revealed that the nets around basket cells ‘muffle’ an important circuit that forms part of the visual pathway. The nets reduce the strength of incoming signals from the eyes before they reach the basket cells. Disrupting the nets allows the visual signals to get through and enables the connections between neurons to respond in a similar way to their behaviour during the postnatal critical period. However, these changes in neural activity were much reduced in mice that had been prevented from seeing out of one eye. This emphasizes the importance of sensory input for rewiring neural circuits. Faini et al. propose that the build-up of nets helps to protect basket cells in the visual cortex from being over-activated by sensory circuits. But this comes at the cost of reducing the ability of the neurons to form new connections, hence making learning and acquiring new skills more difficult. The brains of individuals with psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia and some forms of autism show disrupted nets around basket cells. Investigating the roles of these nets in more detail could therefore help researchers to develop new treatments for such conditions. More widely, understanding precisely how cortical circuits lose their ability to rewire themselves improves our knowledge of how we learn and store memories.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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