The gated induction system of a systemic floral inhibitor, antiflorigen, determines obligate short-day flowering in chrysanthemums
| Autor: | Katsuhiko Sumitomo, Yoshihiro Nakano, Yohei Higuchi, Seiichi Fukai, Atsushi Oda, Tamotsu Hisamatsu, Takako Narumi |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Chrysanthemum
Photoperiod Molecular Sequence Data Flowers chemistry.chemical_compound Gene Expression Regulation Plant Arabidopsis Gene expression Botany Amino Acid Sequence Plant Proteins Regulation of gene expression photoperiodism Multidisciplinary Sequence Homology Amino Acid Phytochrome biology Obligate fungi food and beverages Plant physiology Biological Sciences biology.organism_classification Plant Leaves chemistry Genetic Loci Trans-Activators Florigen |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 110:17137-17142 |
| ISSN: | 1091-6490 0027-8424 |
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.1307617110 |
| Popis: | Photoperiodic floral induction has had a significant impact on the agricultural and horticultural industries. Changes in day length are perceived in leaves, which synthesize systemic flowering inducers (florigens) and inhibitors (antiflorigens) that determine floral initiation at the shoot apex. Recently, FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) was found to be a florigen; however, the identity of the corresponding antiflorigen remains to be elucidated. Here, we report the identification of an antiflorigen gene, Anti-florigenic FT/TFL1 family protein (AFT), from a wild chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum seticuspe) whose expression is mainly induced in leaves under noninductive conditions. Gain- and loss-of-function analyses demonstrated that CsAFT acts systemically to inhibit flowering and plays a predominant role in the obligate photoperiodic response. A transient gene expression assay indicated that CsAFT inhibits flowering by directly antagonizing the flower-inductive activity of CsFTL3, a C. seticuspe ortholog of FT, through interaction with CsFDL1, a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor FD homolog of Arabidopsis. Induction of CsAFT was triggered by the coincidence of phytochrome signals with the photosensitive phase set by the dusk signal; flowering occurred only when night length exceeded the photosensitive phase for CsAFT induction. Thus, the gated antiflorigen production system, a phytochrome-mediated response to light, determines obligate photoperiodic flowering response in chrysanthemums, which enables their year-round commercial production by artificial lighting. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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