Viral Infection of Human Natural Killer Cells
| Autor: | Mirjam R van Kampen, Jelle de Wit, Elisabeth A. van Erp, Puck B. van Kasteren |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
viruses Cell lcsh:QR1-502 receptors Review NK cells virus Biology lcsh:Microbiology effector functions Virus 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Immune system Viral entry Virology medicine Humans Cytotoxic T cell Immune Evasion Effector Viral Load Virus Internalization Orthomyxoviridae infection Respiratory Syncytial Viruses Killer Cells Natural 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases medicine.anatomical_structure Virus Diseases Apoptosis 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Viruses Viral load |
| Zdroj: | Viruses Viruses, Vol 11, Iss 3, p 243 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 1999-4915 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/v11030243 |
| Popis: | Natural killer (NK) cells are essential in the early immune response against viral infections, in particular through clearance of virus-infected cells. In return, viruses have evolved multiple mechanisms to evade NK cell-mediated viral clearance. Several unrelated viruses, including influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and human immunodeficiency virus, can directly interfere with NK cell functioning through infection of these cells. Viral infection can lead to immune suppression, either by downregulation of the cytotoxic function or by triggering apoptosis, leading to depletion of NK cells. In contrast, some viruses induce proliferation or changes in the morphology of NK cells. In this review article, we provide a comprehensive overview of the viruses that have been reported to infect NK cells, we discuss their mechanisms of entry, and describe the interference with NK cell effector function and phenotype. Finally, we discuss the contribution of virus-infected NK cells to viral load. The development of specific therapeutics, such as viral entry inhibitors, could benefit from an enhanced understanding of viral infection of NK cells, opening up possibilities for the prevention of NK cell infection. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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