A Solvent‐Free Synthesis of Lignin‐Derived Renewable Carbon with Tunable Porosity for Supercapacitor Electrodes
| Autor: | Ngoc A. Nguyen, Sikander H. Hakim, Kelly M. Meek, David Martin Alonso, Hoi Chun Ho, Amit K. Naskar |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
General Chemical Engineering chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology 010402 general chemistry 01 natural sciences chemistry.chemical_compound medicine Environmental Chemistry Lignin General Materials Science Porosity Supercapacitor Potassium hydroxide Carbonization technology industry and agriculture 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 0104 chemical sciences General Energy chemistry Chemical engineering 0210 nano-technology Dispersion (chemistry) Carbon Activated carbon medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | ChemSusChem. 11:2953-2959 |
| ISSN: | 1864-564X 1864-5631 |
| Popis: | Synthesis of multiphase materials from lignin, a biorefinery coproduct, offers limited success owing to the inherent difficulty in controlling dispersion of these renewable hyperbranched macromolecules in the product or its intermediates. Effective use of the chemically reactive functionalities in lignin, however, enables tuning morphologies of the materials. Here, we bind lignin oligomers with a rubbery macromolecule followed by thermal crosslinking to form a carbon precursor with phase contrasted morphology at submicron scale. The solvent-free mixing is conducted in a high-shear melt mixer. With this, the carbon precursor is further modified with potassium hydroxide for a single-step carbonization to yield activated carbon with tunable pore structure. A typical precursor with 90 % lignin yields porous carbon with 2120 m2 g-1 surface area and supercapacitor with 215 F g-1 capacitance. The results show a simple route towards manufacturing carbon-based energy-storage materials, eliminating the need for conventional template synthesis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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