Population genetics of Anopheles coluzzii immune pathways and genes
| Autor: | Kenneth D. Vernick, N’Fale Sagnon, Brian P. Lazzaro, Wamdaogo M. Guelbeogo, Awa Gneme, Michelle M. Riehle, Jacob E. Crawford, Susan M. Rottschaefer |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Cornell University [New York], Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme [Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso] (CNRFP), Génétique et Génomique des Insectes vecteurs, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Innate/*genetics Population genetics genetics of immunity Balancing selection C-Type/genetics 01 natural sciences JAK-STAT Toll-Like Receptors/genetics Negative selection Lectins MESH: Insect Proteins MESH: Animals Anopheles/*genetics/immunology innate immunity Genetics (clinical) Genetics 0303 health sciences education.field_of_study Natural selection Toll-Like Receptors 3. Good health Insect Proteins/*genetics STAT Transcription Factors Insect Proteins Neofunctionalization MESH: Immunity Innate Polymorphism MESH: Toll-Like Receptors balancing selection Population Biology 010603 evolutionary biology MESH: Anopheles 03 medical and health sciences Genetic Genetic variation Anopheles MESH: Polymorphism Genetic Animals Lectins C-Type [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology education Molecular Biology 030304 developmental biology Innate immune system Polymorphism Genetic Immunity population genetics MESH: STAT Transcription Factors Immunity Innate STAT Transcription Factors/genetics C-type lectin [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology Evolutionary biology [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie MESH: Lectins C-Type |
| Zdroj: | G3 G3, Genetics Society of America, 2014, 5 (3), pp.329--339. ⟨10.1534/g3.114.014845⟩ G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics G3, 2014, 5 (3), pp.329--339. ⟨10.1534/g3.114.014845⟩ |
| ISSN: | 2160-1836 |
| DOI: | 10.1534/g3.114.014845⟩ |
| Popis: | Natural selection is expected to drive adaptive evolution in genes involved in host–pathogen interactions. In this study, we use molecular population genetic analyses to understand how natural selection operates on the immune system of Anopheles coluzzii (formerly A. gambiae “M form”). We analyzed patterns of intraspecific and interspecific genetic variation in 20 immune-related genes and 17 nonimmune genes from a wild population of A. coluzzii and asked if patterns of genetic variation in the immune genes are consistent with pathogen-driven selection shaping the evolution of defense. We found evidence of a balanced polymorphism in CTLMA2, which encodes a C-type lectin involved in regulation of the melanization response. The two CTLMA2 haplotypes, which are distinguished by fixed amino acid differences near the predicted peptide cleavage site, are also segregating in the sister species A. gambiae (“S form”) and A. arabiensis. Comparison of the two haplotypes between species indicates that they were not shared among the species through introgression, but rather that they arose before the species divergence and have been adaptively maintained as a balanced polymorphism in all three species. We additionally found that STAT-B, a retroduplicate of STAT-A, shows strong evidence of adaptive evolution that is consistent with neofunctionalization after duplication. In contrast to the striking patterns of adaptive evolution observed in these Anopheles-specific immune genes, we found no evidence of adaptive evolution in the Toll and Imd innate immune pathways that are orthologously conserved throughout insects. Genes encoding the Imd pathway exhibit high rates of amino acid divergence between Anopheles species but also display elevated amino acid diversity that is consistent with relaxed purifying selection. These results indicate that adaptive coevolution between A. coluzzii and its pathogens is more likely to involve novel or lineage-specific molecular mechanisms than the canonical humoral immune pathways. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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