Volatilisation of major, minor, and trace elements during thermal processing of fly ashes from waste- and wood-fired power plants in oxidising and reducing gas atmospheres
| Autor: | Daniel J. Lane, Mikko Heimonen, Niko M. Kinnunen, Sirpa Peräniemi, Narasinha J. Shurpali, Taina Nivajärvi, Olli Sippula, Jorma Jokiniemi, Hanna Koponen, Anna Lähde |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Municipal solid waste
020209 energy chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology Thermal treatment Zinc Incineration 010501 environmental sciences Solid Waste 01 natural sciences Coal Ash Atmosphere Metals Heavy 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Waste Management and Disposal 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Volatilisation Reducing atmosphere Wood Trace Elements chemistry Environmental chemistry Fly ash Metalloid Volatilization Power Plants |
| Zdroj: | Waste management (New York, N.Y.). 102 |
| ISSN: | 1879-2456 |
| Popis: | This study assesses the volatility of 15 elements (As, Bi, C, Cd, Cl, Cu, K, Mn, Na, P, Pb, S, Sb, Sn, and Zn) during thermal processing of fly ashes obtained from four waste-to-energy plants and one wood-combustion plant. Differences in volatility in oxidising and reducing atmospheres (air and 10% H2/90% N2) were assessed at two temperatures, 700 and 1000 °C. P and Mn were predominately retained in all ashes regardless of the operating atmosphere and temperature. Other elements showed significant variation in volatility depending on the type of fly ash, atmosphere, and temperature. Heat-treatment of the wood-combustion fly ash in the air atmosphere resulted in low release of K, Na, and all investigated heavy metals and metalloids. Several valuable elements, including Zn, Sb, Sn, and Bi, were significantly more volatile in the reducing atmosphere than in the oxidising atmosphere, particularly at 1000 °C. Other elements were either less volatile, equally volatile, or only marginally more volatile when the ashes were heated at 1000 °C in the reducing atmosphere. These elements include C, Cl, Cu, and, in the case of fly ashes derived from municipal solid waste, Cd and Pb. A two-step process, in which municipal solid waste incineration fly ash is first heated in an oxidising atmosphere and then in a reducing atmosphere, is proposed for production of a chloride-free zinc concentrate. Evaluation of the two-step process at 880 °C shows good potential for selective volatilisation of Zn with other valuable elements, including Sn, Sb, and Bi. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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