Cell-Free DNA Fragments as Biomarkers of Islet β-Cell Death in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes
Autor: | Marilyn Arosemena, Raghavendra G. Mirmira, Kieren J. Mather, Sarah A. Tersey, Farah A. Meah |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
insulin type 1 diabetes medicine.medical_treatment 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Type 2 diabetes Review Bioinformatics Catalysis lcsh:Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry β-cell dysfunction 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Insulin resistance Insulin-Secreting Cells Diabetes mellitus medicine Humans Physical and Theoretical Chemistry lcsh:QH301-705.5 Molecular Biology Spectroscopy Type 1 diabetes geography β-cell biomarkers geography.geographical_feature_category Cell Death business.industry Insulin Organic Chemistry General Medicine DNA Methylation medicine.disease Islet Obesity Computer Science Applications Transplantation 030104 developmental biology Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QD1-999 type 2 diabetes C-peptide business Cell-Free Nucleic Acids Biomarkers |
Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 2151, p 2151 (2021) |
ISSN: | 1422-0067 |
Popis: | Type 2 diabetes (T2D) typically occurs in the setting of obesity and insulin resistance, where hyperglycemia is associated with decreased pancreatic β-cell mass and function. Loss of β-cell mass has variably been attributed to β-cell dedifferentiation and/or death. In recent years, it has been proposed that circulating epigenetically modified DNA fragments arising from β cells might be able to report on the potential occurrence of β-cell death in diabetes. Here, we review published literature of DNA-based β-cell death biomarkers that have been evaluated in human cohorts of islet transplantation, type 1 diabetes, and obesity and type 2 diabetes. In addition, we provide new data on the applicability of one of these biomarkers (cell free unmethylated INS DNA) in adult cohorts across a spectrum from obesity to T2D, in which no significant differences were observed, and compare these findings to those previously published in youth cohorts where differences were observed. Our analysis of the literature and our own data suggest that β-cell death may occur in subsets of individuals with obesity and T2D, however a more sensitive method or refined study designs are needed to provide better alignment of sampling with disease progression events. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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