Y-Chromosomal Diversity in Europe Is Clinal and Influenced Primarily by Geography, Rather than by Language
| Autor: | Gillian Cooper, Juliette Saillard, João Lavinha, Maria João Prata, Philippos C. Patsalis, Helena B.S.M. Côrte-Real, Peter de Knijff, Astrida Krumina, R. John Mitchell, Siiri Rootsi, William Amos, Yuri E. Dubrova, Mark A. Jobling, Maarja Adojaan, Lars Beckman, Aavo-Valdur Mikelsaar, Ken McElreavey, Anna Jeziorowska, Mukaddes Gölge, Arpita Pandya, Tatiana Zerjal, Syrrou Maria, Gheorghe Stefanescu, Fabrício R. Santos, Dragan Alavantić, Emmeline W. Hill, Anja Gilissen, Richard Villems, Manfred Kayser, Bryan Sykes, Luísa Pereira, Guido Barbujani, David C. Rubinsztein, Gunhild Beckman, Thomas Meitinger, Ronny Decorte, Khedoudja Nafa, S. A. Kravchenko, Aslıhan Tolun, Jüri Parik, Patrizia Malaspina, Elena Bosch, Jayne Nicholson, Zoë H. Rosser, Gaute Brede, Oleg Evgrafov, Carlo Previderè, Gerli Pielberg, Vaidutis Kučinskas, Chris Tyler-Smith, Toomas Kivisild, Manuel Armenteros, Lutz Roewer, António Amorim, Daniel G. Bradley, Matthew E. Hurles, Sanja Glisic, Jaume Bertranpetit, Borut Peterlin, L. A. Livshits, Søren Nørby, Luba Kalaydjieva, Eduardo Arroyo |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde |
| Rok vydání: | 2000 |
| Předmět: |
DNA VARIATION
Male MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA Variation (Genetics) Population genetics Haplogroup MARKERS Africa Northern Gene Frequency Demic diffusion NEOLITHIC DEMIC DIFFUSION HUMAN-GENE-FREQUENCIES SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION HUMAN-EVOLUTION NUCLEAR-DNA HAPLOTYPES POPULATION Y Chromosome Polymorphism Genetic/genetics Genetics(clinical) Phylogeny Genetics (clinical) Language Genetics 0303 health sciences education.field_of_study Geography Research Support Non-U.S. Gov't 030305 genetics & heredity Articles Models Genetic Emigration and Immigration Europe Gene Frequency/genetics Genetic Variation/genetics Y Chromosome/genetics Genetic Markers Demographic history Oceans and Seas Haplotypes/genetics Population 03 medical and health sciences Humans education Y-SNP Alleles 030304 developmental biology Genetic Markers/genetics Africa Northern Genetic diversity Polymorphism Genetic Models Genetic Haplotype Linguistics Settore BIO/18 - Genetica Haplotypes Evolutionary biology |
| Zdroj: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) instacron:RCAAP American Journal of Human Genetics |
| ISSN: | 0002-9297 |
| DOI: | 10.1086/316890 |
| Popis: | Clinal patterns of autosomal genetic diversity within Europe have been interpreted in previous studies in terms of a Neolithic demic diffusion model for the spread of agriculture; in contrast, studies using mtDNA have traced many founding lineages to the Paleolithic and have not shown strongly clinal variation. We have used 11 human Y-chromosomal biallelic polymorphisms, defining 10 haplogroups, to analyze a sample of 3,616 Y chromosomes belonging to 47 European and circum-European populations. Patterns of geographic differentiation are highly nonrandom, and, when they are assessed using spatial autocorrelation analysis, they show significant clines for five of six haplogroups analyzed. Clines for two haplogroups, representing 45% of the chromosomes, are continentwide and consistent with the demic diffusion hypothesis. Clines for three other haplogroups each have different foci and are more regionally restricted and are likely to reflect distinct population movements, including one from north of the Black Sea. Principal-components analysis suggests that populations are related primarily on the basis of geography, rather than on the basis of linguistic affinity. This is confirmed in Mantel tests, which show a strong and highly significant partial correlation between genetics and geography but a low, nonsignificant partial correlation between genetics and language. Genetic-barrier analysis also indicates the primacy of geography in the shaping of patterns of variation. These patterns retain a strong signal of expansion from the Near East but also suggest that the demographic history of Europe has been complex and influenced by other major population movements, as well as by linguistic and geographic heterogeneities and the effects of drift. Z.H.R. was supported by a BBSRC Studentship, T.Z. by a Wellcome Trust Bioarchaeology Studentship, M.E.H. by an MRC Studentship, F.R.S. by the Leverhulme Trust, and L.P. by Ph.D. grant PRAXIS XXI/BD/13632/97 from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia. D.C.R. is a Glaxo Wellcome Research Fellow. C.T.-S. is supported by the CRC, and M.A.J. is a Wellcome Trust Senior Fellow in Basic Biomedical Science, supported by grant 057559. Iberian sample collection was partially funded by multidisciplinary project grant PR182/96 6745 from Complutense University. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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