Attentional bias and executive control in treatment-seeking substance-dependent adolescents: A cross-sectional and follow-up study
| Autor: | Peter J. de Jong, Frank G. Brook, Reinout W. Wiers, Madelon E. van Hemel-Ruiter |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
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medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Cross-sectional study Substance-Related Disorders media_common.quotation_subject 030508 substance abuse Attentional bias Toxicology Severity of Illness Index 03 medical and health sciences Executive Function Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Severity of illness medicine Humans Pharmacology (medical) Attention Young adult Amphetamine Psychiatry media_common Pharmacology biology Addiction Case-control study biology.organism_classification Behavior Addictive Psychiatry and Mental health Cross-Sectional Studies Adolescent Behavior Case-Control Studies Female Cannabis Cues 0305 other medical science Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Clinical psychology medicine.drug Follow-Up Studies |
| Zdroj: | Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 159, 133-141. ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 159, 133-141. Elsevier |
| ISSN: | 0376-8716 |
| Popis: | BackgroundResearch in adults shows that substance dependent individuals demonstrate attentional bias (AB) for substance-related stimuli. This study investigated the role of AB in adolescents diagnosed with alcohol, cannabis, amphetamine or GHB dependency on entering therapy and six months later, and the role of executive control (EC) as a moderator of the relationship between problem severity and AB.MethodsSeventy-eight young substance-dependent (SD) patients (mean age = 19.5), and 64 healthy controls (HC; mean age = 19.0) were tested. Thirty-eight SD patients took part at 6-month follow-up (FU). AB was indexed by a visual probe task, EC by the attention network task, problem severity by the short alcohol (or drug) use disorder identification test and the severity of dependence questionnaire.ResultsSD patients demonstrated an AB for substance stimuli presented for 500 ms and 1250 ms, with the latter related to severity of dependence. There was a nonsignificant tendency indicating that EC was higher in HC than SD participants, but EC did not moderate the relationship between AB and dependency. Substance use, dependency, EC and AB remained unchanged in the 6 month FU period.ConclusionsYoung SD patients showed a stronger relatively early as well as maintained AB toward substance cues. A stronger maintained attention was related to higher severity of dependence. Further, there were some indications that EC might play a role in adolescent substance use. The finding that at FU AB and problem severity were not decreased, and EC was not increased underlines the persistent character of addiction. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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