The osteoclast cytoskeleton – current understanding and therapeutic perspectives for osteoporosis
| Autor: | Virginie Vives, Guillaume Bompard, Justine Maurin, Pauline Marie, Anne Blangy, David Guérit, Anne Morel |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Centre de recherche en Biologie Cellulaire (CRBM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Blangy, Anne, Centre de recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
musculoskeletal diseases
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] Osteoporosis Osteoclasts Context (language use) [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology Biology Microtubules Bone resorption 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Multinucleate Osteoclast Microtubule medicine Humans Bone Resorption Cytoskeleton [SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS Actin 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences Cell Differentiation Cell Biology medicine.disease Cell biology [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] medicine.anatomical_structure 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Cell Science Journal of Cell Science, Company of Biologists, 2020, 133 (13), pp.jcs244798. ⟨10.1242/jcs.244798⟩ Journal of Cell Science, 2020, 133 (13), pp.jcs244798. ⟨10.1242/jcs.244798⟩ |
| ISSN: | 1477-9137 0021-9533 |
| Popis: | Osteoclasts are giant multinucleated myeloid cells specialized for bone resorption, which is essential for the preservation of bone health throughout life. The activity of osteoclasts relies on the typical organization of osteoclast cytoskeleton components into a highly complex structure comprising actin, microtubules and other cytoskeletal proteins that constitutes the backbone of the bone resorption apparatus. The development of methods to differentiate osteoclasts in culture and manipulate them genetically, as well as improvements in cell imaging technologies, has shed light onto the molecular mechanisms that control the structure and dynamics of the osteoclast cytoskeleton, and thus the mechanism of bone resorption. Although essential for normal bone physiology, abnormal osteoclast activity can cause bone defects, in particular their hyper-activation is commonly associated with many pathologies, hormonal imbalance and medical treatments. Increased bone degradation by osteoclasts provokes progressive bone loss, leading to osteoporosis, with the resulting bone frailty leading to fractures, loss of autonomy and premature death. In this context, the osteoclast cytoskeleton has recently proven to be a relevant therapeutic target for controlling pathological bone resorption levels. Here, we review the present knowledge on the regulatory mechanisms of the osteoclast cytoskeleton that control their bone resorption activity in normal and pathological conditions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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