Neurotoxicity of metal‐containing nanoparticles and implications in glial cells
| Autor: | Shuyan Niu, Xiaoru Chang, Meng Tang, Jiangyan Li, Yuying Xue |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Programmed cell death
Central nervous system Metal Nanoparticles Inflammation 010501 environmental sciences Toxicology medicine.disease_cause 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences Central Nervous System Diseases medicine Humans 030304 developmental biology 0105 earth and related environmental sciences 0303 health sciences Cell Death Chemistry Neurodegeneration Autophagy Neurotoxicity medicine.disease Cell biology Microglial cell activation medicine.anatomical_structure Neurotoxicity Syndromes medicine.symptom Neuroglia Oxidative stress |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Applied Toxicology. 41:65-81 |
| ISSN: | 1099-1263 0260-437X |
| DOI: | 10.1002/jat.4037 |
| Popis: | With the development of nanotechnology, metal-containing nanoparticles are used widely in the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. The neurotoxicity of these nanoparticles has drawn attention. Glial cells (particularly microglial cells and astrocytes) have important functions in the CNS. Neural disorders are related to functional/histologic damage to glial cells. Dysfunctions of microglial cells or astrocytes injure the brain, and cause the neurodegeneration seen in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. We have summarized the route of access of metal-containing nanoparticles to the CNS, as well as their neurotoxicity and potential molecular mechanisms involved in glial cells. Metal-containing nanoparticles cross or bypass the blood-brain barrier, access the CNS and cause neurotoxicity. The potential mechanisms are related to inflammation, oxidative stress, DNA and/or mitochondrial damage and cell death, all of which are mediated by microglial cell activation, inflammatory factor release, generation of reactive oxygen species, apoptosis and/or autophagy in glial cells. Moreover, these processes increase the burden of the CNS and even accelerate the occurrence or development of neurodegenerative diseases. Some important signaling pathways involved in the mechanism of neurotoxicity in glial cells caused by nanoparticles are also discussed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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