Functional organization of the temporal-parietal junction for theory of mind in preverbal infants: A near-infrared spectroscopy study
Autor: | Julia I. Nikolaeva, Fransisca Ting, Daniel C. Hyde, Charline E. Simon |
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Rok vydání: | 2018 |
Předmět: |
Male
Cognition and Perception Statement (logic) Cognitive Neuroscience Theory of Mind Prefrontal Cortex Neuroimaging Social and Behavioral Sciences 050105 experimental psychology Temporal lobe 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Child Development Cognition Developmental Neuroscience Social cognition Functional neuroimaging Theory of mind Parietal Lobe Humans Psychology 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Social Behavior Research Articles Brain Mapping Spectroscopy Near-Infrared Neuroscience and Neurobiology Verbal Behavior General Neuroscience 05 social sciences Cognitive Psychology Infant Life Sciences Object (philosophy) Temporal Lobe FOS: Psychology Developmental Psychology Female Functional organization 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Cognitive psychology |
DOI: | 10.17605/osf.io/txqny |
Popis: | Successful human social life requires imagining what others believe or think to understand and predict behavior. This ability, often referred to as theory of mind (ToM), reliably engages a specialized network of temporal and prefrontal brain regions in older children and adults, including selective recruitment of the temporal–parietal junction (TPJ). To date, how and when this specialized brain organization for ToM arises is unknown due to limitations in functional neuroimaging at younger ages. Here, we used the emerging technique of functional near-infrared spectroscopy to measure the functional brain response across parietal, temporal, and prefrontal regions in 7-month-old male and female infants as they viewed different video scenarios of a person searching for a hidden object. Over different conditions, we manipulated whether the person held an accurate (true) or inaccurate (false) belief about the location of the hidden object in the videos. In two separate experiments, we observed that activity from the TPJ, but not other temporal and prefrontal regions, spontaneously tracked with the beliefs of the other person, responding more during scenarios when the other person's belief regarding the location of the object was false compared with scenarios when her belief was true. These results mirror those obtained with adults to show that the TPJ already shows some functional organization relevant to high-level social cognition by around 7 months of age. Furthermore, these results suggest that infants may draw on similar core mechanisms to implicitly track beliefs, as adults do when reasoning explicitly about them.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHumans selectively engage a network of brain regions, including the temporal–parietal junction (TPJ), to track what others think, an ability referred to as theory of mind. How and when this specialized brain organization for high-level social cognition arises is unknown. Using the emerging technique of near-infrared spectroscopy with 7-month-old infants, we observed that activity of the TPJ, but not other temporal and frontal regions, distinguished between scenarios when another person's belief about the location of the object was false compared with scenarios when the belief was true. These results suggest that a basic neural architecture to understand and predict the actions of others based on their beliefs may be present from the first year of life. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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