The fitness versus body fat hypothesis in relation to hippocampal structure

Autor: Jennifer C. Watt, Chelsea M. Stillman, Kirk I. Erickson, Renee J. Rogers, Jamie C. Peven, John M. Jakicic, Sarah L. Aghjayan, Irene Esteban-Cornejo
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Adult
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Cognitive Neuroscience
Thalamus
Caudate nucleus
Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Overweight
Hippocampus
Article
050105 experimental psychology
Body Mass Index
03 medical and health sciences
Absorptiometry
Photon
0302 clinical medicine
Developmental Neuroscience
Internal medicine
Image Processing
Computer-Assisted
medicine
Humans
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Obesity
Exercise
Biological Psychiatry
Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
General Neuroscience
05 social sciences
Subiculum
Cardiorespiratory fitness
medicine.disease
Hippocampal structure
Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology
Endocrinology
Adipose Tissue
Cardiorespiratory Fitness
Neurology
Female
Sedentary Behavior
medicine.symptom
Psychology
Body mass index
hormones
hormone substitutes
and hormone antagonists
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj: Psychophysiology
ISSN: 1469-8986
0048-5772
DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13591
Popis: The Fitness Versus Body Fat Hypothesis argues that cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) plays a more important role in cardiovascular health than adiposity. It remains poorly understood whether CRF or adiposity accounts for a greater amount of variation in measures of brain health. We examined the contribution of CRF, adiposity, and their interaction with hippocampal structure. This study included 124 sedentary adults (M = 44.34) with overweight/obesity (Body Mass Index mean = 32.43). FMRIB’s Integrated Registration and Segmentation Tool was used to segment the hippocampus. Using hierarchical regression, we examined whether CRF, assessed via a submaximal graded exercise test, or adiposity, assessed as percent body fat using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was associated with left and right hippocampal volume. Vertex-wise shape analysis was performed to examine regional shape differences associated with CRF and adiposity. Higher CRF was significantly associated with greater left hippocampal volume (p = .031), with outward shape differences along the surface of the subiculum and CA1 regions. Adiposity was not associated with left or right hippocampal volume or shape. The interaction between adiposity and CRF was not significant. Neither CRF nor adiposity were associated with thalamus or caudate nucleus volumes or shapes, two control regions. Higher CRF, but not adiposity, was related to greater left hippocampal volume, with outward shape differences along the surface of the subiculum and CA1 regions in a midlife sample with overweight/obesity. These findings indicate that, within the context of obesity, CRF is an important contributor to hippocampal structure, highlighting the importance of interventions targeting CRF.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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