Perioperative Use of Intravenous Lidocaine
Autor: | Alain Delbos, Axel Maurice-Szamburski, Claude Ecoffey, Marc Beaussier, Luc Mercadal |
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Rok vydání: | 2018 |
Předmět: |
Lidocaine
Ileus Analgesic 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Pharmacotherapy 030202 anesthesiology Antithrombotic medicine Animals Humans Pharmacology (medical) General anaesthesia Anesthetics Local Perioperative Period Analgesics Pain Postoperative business.industry Perioperative medicine.disease Analgesics Opioid Treatment Outcome Hyperalgesia Anesthesia Administration Intravenous business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug Abdominal surgery |
Zdroj: | Drugs. 78(12) |
ISSN: | 1179-1950 |
Popis: | Lidocaine is an amide local anaesthetic initially used intravenously as an antiarrhythmic agent. At some point it was proposed that intravenous lidocaine (IVL) had an analgesic effect that could be potentially beneficial in perioperative settings. Since these preliminary reports, a large body of evidence confirmed that IVL had anti-inflammatory and opiate-sparing effects, a combination of characteristics leading to an array of effects such as a decrease in postoperative pain and opiate consumption, and a reduction in the duration of digestive ileus. Additional studies demonstrated IVL to possess antithrombotic, antimicrobial and antitumoral effects. Beneficial effects of IVL have been characterized in abdominal surgery but remain controversial in other types of surgeries. Because the quality of evidence was limited, due to inconsistency, imprecision and study quality, recent conclusions from meta-analysis pooling together all types of surgery stated the uncertainty about IVL benefits. Additional indications such as the prevention of propofol-induced injection pain, prevention of hyperalgesia, protection against bronchial reactivity by bronchotracheal relaxation during surgery, and the increase in depth of general anaesthesia have since emerged. IVL is rapidly distributed in the body and metabolized by the liver. With the commonly recommended doses, lidocaine's therapeutic index remains very high and the plasma concentrations stay largely below the cardiotoxic and neurotoxic threshold levels, a notion that may be used by clinicians to draw conclusions on the benefit-risk profile of IVL in comparison to other analgesic strategies. The purpose of this review is to address the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of lidocaine in healthy and pathological conditions. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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