Cohesin Mutations in Cancer
| Autor: | Magali De Koninck, Ana Losada |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
DNA Repair DNA repair Chromosomal Proteins Non-Histone Cell Cycle Proteins Biology General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Chromosome segregation 03 medical and health sciences Mice Chromosome Segregation Neoplasms Animals Humans Gene Genetics Cohesin DNA replication Establishment of sister chromatid cohesion Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic 030104 developmental biology CTCF Multiprotein Complexes Mutation biological phenomena cell phenomena and immunity Homologous recombination Sister Chromatid Exchange Perspectives |
| Popis: | Cohesin is a large ring-shaped protein complex, conserved from yeast to human, which participates in most DNA transactions that take place in the nucleus. It mediates sister chromatid cohesion, which is essential for chromosome segregation and homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair. Together with architectural proteins and transcriptional regulators, such as CTCF and Mediator, respectively, it contributes to genome organization at different scales and thereby affects transcription, DNA replication, and locus rearrangement. Although cohesin is essential for cell viability, partial loss of function can affect these processes differently in distinct cell types. Mutations in genes encoding cohesin subunits and regulators of the complex have been identified in several cancers. Understanding the functional significance of these alterations may have relevant implications for patient classification, risk prediction, and choice of treatment. Moreover, identification of vulnerabilities in cancer cells harboring cohesin mutations may provide new therapeutic opportunities and guide the design of personalized treatments. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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