The active human immunodeficiency virus reservoir during antiretroviral therapy: emerging players in viral persistence
| Autor: | Maria J. Buzon, Antonio Astorga-Gamaza |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Institut Català de la Salut, Servei de Malalties Infeccioses, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
0301 basic medicine Immunology Cell Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::/farmacoterapia [Otros calificadores] HIV Infections Genome Viral Biology Other subheadings::Other subheadings::/drug therapy [Other subheadings] Virus Replication medicine.disease_cause Stem cell marker 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Viral sequence Transcription (biology) Virology medicine Medicaments antivírics - Ús terapèutic Humans Other subheadings::/therapeutic use [Other subheadings] 030212 general & internal medicine enfermedades del sistema inmune::síndromes de inmunodeficiencia::infecciones por VIH [ENFERMEDADES] Otros calificadores::/uso terapéutico [Otros calificadores] Oncology (nursing) HIV RNA Hematology Viral Load Infeccions per VIH - Tractament Antiretroviral therapy Immune System Diseases::Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes::HIV Infections [DISEASES] Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Anti-Infective Agents::Antiviral Agents [CHEMICALS AND DRUGS] Virus Latency 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases medicine.anatomical_structure Oncology acciones y usos químicos::acciones farmacológicas::usos terapéuticos::antiinfecciosos::antivíricos [COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS] Viral persistence |
| Zdroj: | Scientia |
| ISSN: | 1746-6318 1746-630X |
| Popis: | Marcadors cel·lulars; Virus de la immunodeficiència humana; Persistència viral Marcadores celulares; Virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana; Persistencia viral Cell markers; Human immunodeficiency virus; Viral persistence Purpose of review To discuss the role of CD4+ T cells with active Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), meaning infected cells with transcriptional and/or translational viral activity during antiretroviral therapy (ART), focusing on new technologies for its detection, potential cell markers for its characterization, and evidences on the contribution of the active HIV reservoir to long-term viral persistence. Recent findings HIV-infected cells expressing viral ribonucleic acid are systematically detected in subjects on long-term ART. In recent years, powerful new tools have provided significant insights into the nature, quantification, and identification of cells with active HIV, including the identification of new cell markers, and the presence of viral activity in specific cell populations located in different cellular and anatomical compartments. Moreover, studies on viral sequence integrity have identified cell clones with intact viral genomes and active viral transcription that could potentially persist for years. Together, new investigations support the notion that the active reservoir could represent a relevant fraction of long-term infected cells, and therefore, the study of its cell sources and mechanisms of maintenance could represent a significant advance in our understanding of viral persistence and the development of new curative strategies. Summary The presence of HIV-infected cells with viral expression during ART has been traditionally overlooked for years. Based on recent investigations, this active viral reservoir could play an important role in HIV persistence. This work was supported by the Spanish Secretariat of Science and Innovation and FEDER funds (grants SAF2015-67334-R and RTI2018-101082-B-I00 [MINECO/FEDER]), and the Fundació La Marató TV3 (grant 201805-10FMTV3). M.J.B. is supported by the Miguel Servet program funded by the Spanish Health Institute Carlos III (CP17/00179). A.A.-G. is supported by the Spanish Secretariat of Science and Innovation Ph.D. fellowship (BES-2016-076382). The funders had no role in the decision to publish or the preparation of the manuscript. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|