Spatial and temporal variations of faecal indicator bacteria in Lake Bunyonyi, South-Western Uganda
| Autor: | Siajali Pamba, John F. Machiwa, Thomas J. Lyimo, Alex Saturday |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Wet season
Technology Veterinary medicine Enterococci Science General Chemical Engineering General Physics and Astronomy Indicator bacteria Faecal bacteria 010501 environmental sciences Biology 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences Dry season General Materials Science Faecal pollution Uganda Turbidity 030304 developmental biology 0105 earth and related environmental sciences General Environmental Science 0303 health sciences General Engineering Faecal indicator E. coli biology.organism_classification General Earth and Planetary Sciences Water quality Bacteria Lake Bunyonyi Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Sn Applied Sciences SN Applied Sciences, Vol 3, Iss 7, Pp 1-11 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2523-3971 |
| Popis: | Background Microbial water quality serves to indicate health risks associated with the consumption of contaminated water. Nevertheless, little is known about the microbiological characteristics of water in Lake Bunyonyi. This study was therefore undertaken to examine the spatial and temporal variations of faecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in relation to physicochemical parameters in Lake Bunyonyi. Result The FIB concentration was consistently measured during sampling months and correlated with each other showing the presumed human faecal pollution in the lake. The highest concentration values for E. coli (64.7 ± 47.3 CFU/100 mL) and enterococci (24.6 ± 32.4 CFU/100 mL were obtained in the station close to the Mugyera trading centre. On a temporal basis, the maximum values were recorded during the rainy season in October 2019 (70.7 ± 56.5 CFU/100 mL for E. coli and 38.44 ± 31.8 CFU/100 mL for enterococci. FIB did not differ significantly among the study stations (p > 0.05) but showed significant temporal variations among the months (p U = 794, p E. coli; U = 993.5, p = 0.008 for enterococci). Spearman’s rank correlation revealed that FIB concentrations were significantly positively correlated with turbidity and DO concentration levels (p E. coli and enterococci concentrations levels below USEPA threshold for recreational waters. Likewise, 98.1 and 90.7% of samples recorded E. coli and enterococci counts exceeding the UNBS, APHA, WHO and EU threshold values for drinking water. Conclusion The FIB counts show that the Lake Bunyonyi water is bacteriologically unsuitable for drinking unless it is treated since the FIB pose health risks to consumers. Besides, the water can be used for recreational purposes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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