Monitoring Fast, Voxel-Scale Cure Kinetics via Sample-Coupled-Resonance Photorheology
| Autor: | Frank W. DelRio, Callie I. Fiedler‐Higgins, Jason P. Killgore, Lewis M. Cox |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
Resonance Nanotechnology 02 engineering and technology General Chemistry 010402 general chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Laser 01 natural sciences Article 0104 chemical sciences law.invention Coupling (physics) Photopolymer Polymerization law General Materials Science Laser power scaling 0210 nano-technology Material properties Reciprocity (photography) |
| Zdroj: | Small methods. 3(2) |
| ISSN: | 2366-9608 |
| Popis: | Photopolymerizable materials are the focus of extensive research across a variety of fields ranging from additive manufacturing to regenerative medicine. However, poorly understood material mechanical and rheological properties during polymerization at the relevant exposure powers and single-voxel length-scales limit advancements in part performance and throughput. Here, a novel atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique, sample-coupled-resonance photorheology (SCRPR), to locally characterize the mechano-rheological properties of photopolymerized materials on the relevant reaction kinetic timescales, is demonstrated. By coupling an AFM tip to a photopolymer and exposing the coupled region to a laser, two fundamental photopolymerization phenomena: (1) timescales of photopolymerization at high laser power and (2) reciprocity between photodose and material properties are studied. The ability to capture rapid kinetic changes occurring during polymerization with SCRPR is demonstrated. It is found that reciprocity is only valid for a finite range of exposure powers in the verification material and polymerization is highly localized in a low-diffusion system. After polymerization, in situ imaging of a single polymerized voxel is performed using material-appropriate topographic and nanomechanical modalities of the AFM while still in the as-printed environment. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Plný text