Short-Term Immunogenicity Profiles and Predictors for Suboptimal Immune Responses in Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease Immunized with Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine
| Autor: | Rungthiwa Kitpermkiat, Arkom Nongnuch, Salinnart Phanprasert, Piyatida Chuengsaman, Montira Assanatham, Angsana Phuphuakrat, Kumthorn Malathum, Sasisopin Kiertiburanakul, Chavachol Setthaudom, Jackrapong Bruminhent, Sarinya Boongird, Andrew Davenport |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Microbiology (medical)
biology business.industry medicine.medical_treatment Immunogenicity COVID-19 Neutralizing antibody medicine.disease Receptor-binding domain Vaccination Infectious Diseases Immune system Immunology Inactivated vaccine biology.protein Medicine Antibody business Prospective cohort study Dialysis Kidney disease Original Research |
| Zdroj: | Infectious Diseases and Therapy |
| ISSN: | 2193-8229 |
| Popis: | INTRODUCTION Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) are at risk of severe coronavirus disease and mortality. Immunogenicity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) inactivated whole-virus vaccine in patients with ESKD has never been explored. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of 60 patients with ESKD and 30 healthy controls. All participants received two doses of an inactivated whole-virus SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Sinovac Biotech Ltd) 4 weeks apart. SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses were investigated and referenced with healthy controls. RESULTS After two doses, an anti-receptor-binding domain immunoglobulin G of 50 AU/ml or greater was present in 53 of 60 patients (88%) in the ESKD group and all participants (100%) in the control group (P = 0.05). The percentage of patients with ESKD and controls with neutralizing antibodies of 35% threshold or greater was 58% and 88%, respectively (P = 0.01). Furthermore, the proportion of patients with ESKD and S1-specific T cell response was comparable with controls (82% vs. 77%, P = 0.45). Old age, high ferritin level, and low absolute lymphocyte count were independently associated with poor humoral immune responses. CONCLUSIONS Patients with ESKD could develop similar SARS-CoV-2-specific cell-mediated immune responses compared to healthy controls, although suboptimal humoral immune responses were observed following two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Therefore, patients with ESKD and the abovementioned factors are at risk of generating inadequate humoral immune responses, and a vaccine strategy to elicit greater immunogenicity among these relatively immunocompromised patients is warranted. (Thai Clinical Trials Registry, TCTR20210226002). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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