Carbon exchange of a maize (Zea mays L.) crop: Influence of phenology

Autor: Eddy Moors, Cor Jacobs, Jan Elbers, Suzanne C. A. Barendse, W.W.P. Jans, Bart Kruijt
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2010
Předmět:
ecosystem respiration
net ecosystem exchange
maïs
growing-season
united-states
chemistry.chemical_element
Growing season
netherlands
netto ecosysteem uitwisseling
Carbon sequestration
maize
Wageningen UR Glastuinbouw
phenology
soil respiration
Earth System Science
organische meststoffen
Carbon cycle
nederland
Soil respiration
zea mays
koolstofvastlegging
eddy covariance
rogge
CWK - Earth System Science and Climate Change
Wageningen Environmental Research
organic fertilizers
Cover crop
phase-change
WIMEK
Ecology
Wageningen UR Greenhouse Horticulture
food and beverages
dioxide exchange
use efficiency
CWC - Earth System Science and Climate Change
carbon sequestration
gross primary production
rain-fed maize
rye
chemistry
Agronomy
Environmental science
Leerstoelgroep Aardsysteemkunde
Animal Science and Zoology
Ecosystem respiration
fenologie
Agronomy and Crop Science
Organic fertilizer
Carbon
Zdroj: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 139(3), 316-324
Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 139 (2010) 3
ISSN: 0167-8809
Popis: A study was carried out to quantify the carbon budget of a maize (Zea mays L.) crop followed by a rye cover crop in the Netherlands, and to determine the importance of the phenological phases and the fallow phase when modelling the carbon budget. Measurements were made of carbon fluxes, soil respiration, biomass and Plant Area Index (PAI). On the basis of PAI the annual cycle was subdivided into 5 phases: juvenile-vegetative, adult-vegetative, reproductive, senescence and fallow. To model the annual carbon budget, it should be sufficient to assess the light response in the juvenile-vegetative phase, the growing season and the fallow phase, combined with the length of these phases and the PAI development. We conclude that emphasis should be put on determining off-season fluxes while the growing season can be estimated from radiation only. During the cultivation period (from sowing to harvest) 5.97 tC ha−1 was sequestered by the maize crop. The amount of carbon exported from the field was 7.5 tC ha−1, and the estimated amount of carbon imported by organic fertilizer was 0.51 tC ha−1, resulting in a carbon loss of 1.02 tC ha−1 from the soil. The fallow phase, with a rye cover crop at the field, decreased the amount of carbon fixed in the cultivation period by 2.65 tC ha−1 (44% reduction). To enable determination of the carbon sequestration or emission of croplands, farmers should be required to analyze, apart from the nitrogen content, also the carbon content of organic fertilizers. A study was carried out to quantify the carbon budget of a maize (Zea mays L) crop followed by a rye cover crop in the Netherlands, and to determine the importance of the phenological phases and the fallow phase when modelling the carbon budget. Measurements were made of carbon fluxes, soil respiration, biomass and Plant Area Index (PAI). On the basis of PAI the annual cycle was subdivided into 5 phases: juvenile-vegetative, adult-vegetative, reproductive, senescence and fallow. To model the annual carbon budget, it should be sufficient to assess the light response in the juvenile-vegetative phase, the growing season and the fallow phase, combined with the length of these phases and the PAI development. We conclude that emphasis should be put on determining off-season fluxes while the growing season can be estimated from radiation only. During the cultivation period (from sowing to harvest) 5.97 tC ha(-1) was sequestered by the maize crop. The amount of carbon exported from the field was 7.5 tC ha(-1), and the estimated amount of carbon imported by organic fertilizer was 0.51 tC ha(-1), resulting in a carbon loss of 1.02 tC ha(-1) from the soil. The fallow phase, with a rye cover crop at the field, decreased the amount of carbon fixed in the cultivation period by 2.65 tC ha(-1) (44% reduction). To enable determination of the carbon sequestration or emission of croplands, farmers should be required to analyze, apart from the nitrogen content, also the carbon content of organic fertilizers. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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