Toxic and drug-induced peripheral neuropathies: updates on causes, mechanisms and management
| Autor: | Manuel Diezi, Thierry Kuntzer, Thierry Buclin |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Drug
Inflammation business.industry media_common.quotation_subject Early detection Schwann cell Pain Peripheral Nervous System Diseases Peripheral Clinical trial Disease Models Animal medicine.anatomical_structure Early Diagnosis Neurology Chemoprotective Chemoprotectants Medicine Animals Humans Pain Management Neurology (clinical) business Neuroscience Pharmacogenetics media_common |
| Zdroj: | Current opinion in neurology. 26(5) |
| ISSN: | 1473-6551 |
| Popis: | PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review discusses publications highlighting current research on toxic, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathies (CIPNs), and drug-induced peripheral neuropathies (DIPNs). RECENT FINDINGS The emphasis in clinical studies is on the early detection and grading of peripheral neuropathies, whereas recent studies in animal models have given insights into molecular mechanisms, with the discovery of novel neuronal, axonal, and Schwann cell targets. Some substances trigger inflammatory changes in the peripheral nerves. Pharmacogenetic techniques are underway to identify genes that may help to predict individuals at higher risk of developing DIPNs. Several papers have been published on chemoprotectants; however, to date, this approach has not been shown effective in clinical trials. SUMMARY Both length and nonlength-dependent neuropathies are encountered, including small-fiber involvement. The introduction of new diagnostic techniques, such as excitability studies, skin laser Doppler flowmetry, and pharmacogenetics, holds promise for early detection and to elucidate underlying mechanisms. New approaches to improve functions and quality of life in CIPN patients are discussed. Apart from developing less neurotoxic anticancer therapies, there is still hope to identify chemoprotective agents (erythropoietin and substances involved in the endocannabinoid system are promising) able to prevent or correct painful CIPNs. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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