Multi-Parametric Portfolio to Assess the Fitness and Gonadal Maturation in Four Key Reproductive Phases of Brown Trout
Autor: | Célia Lopes, Tânia Vieira Madureira, José Gonçalves, Fernanda Malhão, Eduardo Rocha, Diana A. Santos |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
endocrine system Gonad Veterinary medicine Sentinel species Zoology Ovary testis 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Article 03 medical and health sciences Brown trout Aquaculture SF600-1100 medicine Salmo trutta Aromatase Testosterone 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences General Veterinary biology blood lipids hormones business.industry urogenital system medicine.anatomical_structure QL1-991 immunohistochemistry biology.protein Animal Science and Zoology ovary business reproductive cycle Hormone |
Zdroj: | Animals Volume 11 Issue 5 Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI Animals, Vol 11, Iss 1290, p 1290 (2021) |
ISSN: | 2076-2615 |
DOI: | 10.3390/ani11051290 |
Popis: | Simple Summary Brown trout is a freshwater fish with economic importance and with a great potential to be used as an environmental biosensor species. Despite being selected as a model species in distinct scientific contexts, in cultured specimens, there is a surprising lack of works investigating the morpho-physiological changes associated with the reproductive cycle; particularly concerning the gonads. In this study, a multi-parameter portfolio of biometric, biochemical, hormonal, and morphological analysis was established, which allowed a seasonal and sex characterization of the gonad status of adult brown trout males and females. Sampling included four reproductive phases: spawning capable (December), regressing (March), regenerating (July), and developing (November). Sex- and season-specific changes were described. The discriminative parameters characterized here stand now as normal baseline values against which abnormal patterns can be compared with. These parameters have the potential to be used as tools for the environmental monitoring of the reproductive status of wild populations and for the control of breeding stocks in aquaculture. Abstract Brown trout is an environmental freshwater sentinel species and is economically important for recreational fishing and aquaculture. Despite that, there is limited knowledge regarding morpho-physiological variations in adults throughout the reproductive cycle. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the fitness and gonadal maturation of cultured adult brown trout in four reproductive phases (spawning capable—December, regressing—March, regenerating—July, and developing—November). The systematic evaluation of males and females was based on biometric, biochemical, and hormonal parameters, along with a histomorphological grading of gonads and the immunophenotype location of key steroidogenic enzymes. The total weight and lengths reached the lowest levels in December. Gonad weights were higher in December and November, while the opposite pattern was found for liver weights. The lowest levels of cholesterol and total protein were also noted during those stages. The 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) and testosterone (T) for males, and estradiol (E2) and T for females, mostly explained the hormonal variations. The immunohistochemistry of cytochrome P450c17 (CYP17-I), aromatase (CYP19), and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) showed sex and site-specific patterns in the distinct reproductive phases. The sex- and season-specific changes generated discriminative multi-parameter profiles, serving as a tool for environmental and aquaculture surveys. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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