The amazing complexity of insect midgut cells: types, peculiarities, and functions
| Autor: | Morena Casartelli, Gianluca Tettamanti, Silvia Caccia |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Caccia, S., Casartelli, M., Tettamanti, G. |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Cell type Cell signaling Histology Insecta media_common.quotation_subject Endocrine cell Enteroendocrine cell Insect Biology digestive system Insect midgut Pathology and Forensic Medicine 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine medicine Animals Goblet cell media_common Stem cell Columnar cell Animal fungi Endoderm Midgut lumen pH Midgut Cell Biology Copper cell Epithelium Cell biology 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Digestive System 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Cell and tissue research. 377(3) |
| ISSN: | 1432-0878 |
| Popis: | The insect midgut epithelium represents an interface between the internal and the external environment and it is the almost unique epithelial tissue by which these arthropods acquire nutrients. This epithelium is indeed able to produce digestive enzymes and to support vectorial transport of small organic nutrients, ions, and water. Moreover, it plays a key role in the defense against pathogenic microorganisms and in shaping gut microbiota. Another important midgut function is the ability to produce signaling molecules that regulate its own physiology and the activity of other organs. The two main mature cell types present in the midgut of all insects, i.e., columnar and endocrine cells, are responsible for these functions. In addition, stem cells, located at the base of the midgut epithelium, ensure the growth and renewal of the midgut during development and after injury. In insects belonging to specific orders, midgut physiology is deeply conditioned by the presence of unique cell types, i.e., goblet and copper cells, which confer peculiar features to this organ. This review reports current knowledge on the cells that form the insect midgut epithelium, focusing attention on their morphological and functional features. Notwithstanding the apparent structural simplicity of this organ, the properties of the cells make the midgut a key player in insect development and homeostasis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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