A Scoping Review of West Nile Virus Seroprevalence Studies among African Equids
| Autor: | O.T. Olufemi, Marta Barba, Janet M. Daly |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | UCH. Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Producción Científica UCH 2021 |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Zoonoses
0301 basic medicine Microbiology (medical) Anticuerpos West Nile virus viruses 030231 tropical medicine 030106 microbiology Review medicine.disease_cause Virus Équidos 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine flavivirus Caballos - Enfermedades víricas - África medicine Seroprevalence antibodies Immunology and Allergy Virus del Nilo occidental Molecular Biology horses África biology seroprevalence General Immunology and Microbiology Horses - Virus diseases - Africa donkeys Yellow fever virus diseases Japanese encephalitis biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Virology mules Flavivirus Infectious Diseases Africa Virus del Nilo Occidental Medicine Zoonosis Usutu virus Encephalitis |
| Zdroj: | Pathogens Pathogens, Vol 10, Iss 899, p 899 (2021) CEU Repositorio Institucional Fundación Universitaria San Pablo CEU (FUSPCEU) |
| ISSN: | 2076-0817 |
| Popis: | Este artículo se encuentra disponible en la página web de la revista en la siguiente URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/7/899 Este artículo pertenece al número especial "Emerging and Neglected Viruses and Zoonoses". West Nile virus (WNV) is an emerging and re-emerging zoonotic flavivirus first identified in and endemic to Africa. The virus is transmitted between birds by biting mosquitoes, with equids and humans being incidental hosts. The majority of infected incidental hosts display no or only mild clinical signs, but a fraction develop encephalitis. The aim of this scoping review was to identify and evaluate primary research on the presence of antibodies to WNV among African equids. Three bibliographic databases and the grey literature were searched. Of 283 articles identified, only 16 satisfied all the inclusion criteria. Data were collated on study design and outcomes. The overall seroprevalence reported ranged from 17.4 to 90.3%, with 1998 (35%) of the 5746 horses, donkeys and mules having screened positive for WNV antibodies. Several articles determined that seroprevalence increased significantly with age. Due to co-circulation of other flaviviruses in Africa, in the majority of studies that screened samples by ELISA, positive results were confirmed using a more specific neutralization test. However, only eight studies tested against other flaviviruses, including Potiskum, Uganda S, Wesselsbron and yellow fever virus in one, Japanese encephalitis and Usutu virus (USUV) in one, tick-borne encephalitis and USUV in one and USUV only in three. Equids are regarded as useful sentinel animals for WNV, but variation in study design poses challenges when trying to determine risk factors for, and trends in, WNV seroprevalence. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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