Dubrovačka Nautika - Pomorska škola u Dubrovniku od 1852. godine (U povodu Noći muzeja, 31. siječnja 2014.)

Autor: Đivo Bašić
Jazyk: chorvatština
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
Zdroj: Pomorski zbornik
Volume 49-50
Issue 1
ISSN: 1848-9052
0554-6397
Popis: Istočnojadranska nastojanja Austrije bila su koncentrirana oko jačanja Trsta kao glavnog pomorskog i trgovačkog središta tako da je osnivanje pomorskih škola uzduž Jadrana, ustvari, trebalo stvoriti stručni kadar za austrijsku trgovačku i ratnu mornaricu. Pomorska politika stranih vlasti XIX. i XX. stoljeća (Austro-Ugarske, Kraljevine SHS i Jugoslavije) bila je „mešetarenje i predaja stranom kapitalu, a najmanje pomorska“ uz očitu opreznost domaćeg stanovništva od „očinske“ i „lažne brige“. Kap. Pavo Saltarić iz Rijeke dubrovačke (Omble) bio je “ovlašteni učitelj za nautiku, hidrografiju i matematiku” te jedan od prvih “konkurenata nastavnoj katedri nautičkog predmeta Nautičke škole u Dubrovniku”, čija je privatna škola (u sklopu bivše Opće bolnice na Putu od Gruža - na Boninovu) djelovala od 1843. godine i imala više učenika nego državna osnovana 1852. godine. Redovita nastava novoosnovanih nautičkih škola započinje u Bakru (1849.), Zadru (1850.), Splitu (1850.), Kotoru (1850.) i Dubrovniku (1852.) te još otprije u Trstu i Rijeci. Kasnije se privremeno ukidaju zadarska (1860. i 1867.), splitska (1879.) rovinjska (1860.) i dubrovačka nautička škola (1860.) zbog malog broja učenika. Reorganizacijom školovanja postaje “Pomorska akademija” 1922. i “Pomorsko-trgovačka akademija” 1932. godine. Škola 1947. godine ima naziv “Pomorski tehnikum”. Iz sredstava Zaklade Iva Račića oporučno je trebalo utemeljiti Višu pomorsku školu i dodjeljivati stipendije i potpore učenicima, što se čini i danas. Zgrada današnje Pomorske škole izgrađena je na Lapadu od 1952. do 1954. godine. Pomorski školski centar nastao je spajanjem Više pomorske škole i Pomorske škole u Dubrovniku 1969. godine. Pomorski fakultet u Dubrovniku ustanovljen je 1984. godine, a Veleučilište u Dubrovniku osnovano krajem 1996. i početkom 1997. godine prerasta u Sveučilište u Dubrovniku krajem 2003. godine. Za Pomorsku je školu u novije vrijeme Atlantska plovidba nabavila školske simulatore i dr., što doprinosi uzajamnosti nastavljajućih tradicijâ pomorskog školstva u Dubrovniku i RH.
Austrian efforts directed toward the eastern Adriatic were concentrated on strenghtening Trieste as the main maritime and trading centre and consequently the establishment of nautical schools along the Adriatic was aimed actually to provide adequately qualified personnel for Austrian merchant shipping and navy. The foreign governments’ maritime policy in the XIX and XX century (Austro-Hungarian Empire, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians, and Yugoslavia) was in fact „bargaining and surrendering to foreign capital, and least of all maritime“, with a great caution consequently developed in the native population against the „fatherly“ and „false concern“. Capt. Pavo Saltarić of Rijeka dubrovačka (Ombla) used to serve as an “authorized teacher of nautical science, hydrography and mathematics” and was one of the first “competitors to the nautical science programme at the Nautical School of Dubrovnik”, whose private school (within the former General Hospital located at the Boninovo) had been active since 1843 and attended by more numerous students than the state school established in 1852. Full time teaching programme of the newly established nautical schools started at Bakar (1849), Zadar (1850), Split (1850), Kotor (1850) and Dubrovnik (1852), in addition to already established schools of Trieste and Rijeka. Some time later, some of them were temporarily dissolved, i.e. nautical schools of Zadar (1860 and 1867), Split (1879), Rovinj (1860) and Dubrovnik (1860) due to shortage of students. Following the restructuring of education, the nautical school of Dubrovnik became “Nautical academy” in 1922, subsequently succeeded by “Nautical and Merchant Academy” in 1932. In 1947, the school was named “Nautical Technical Training School”. Based on the founder’s last will, the means bequeathed to the “Ivo Račić Foundation” were intended for the establishment of a Merchant Marine College, scholarships and grants for students, and have been used for that purpose until today. The premises of the present Nautical School was built at Lapad in the period 1952 - 1954. The Nautical Educational Centre was the result of the merger between the Merchant Marine College and the Nautical School of Dubrovnik in 1969. The Faculty of Maritime Studies of Dubrovnik was established in 1984. and the Polytechnic of Dubrovnik late in 1996 and early in 1997, later to develop into the University of Dubrovnik late in 2003. Under the sponsorship of the local shipping company “Atlantska plovidba”, Nautical School was recently equipped by simulators and similar equipment, as a contribution to mutual respect for the continued tradition of nautical education in Dubrovnik and the RC to be carried on.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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