Nidovirus Sialate-O-Acetylesterases
| Autor: | Gerrit J. Gerwig, Johannis P. Kamerling, Arno L. W. van Vliet, Reinhard Vlasak, Raoul J. de Groot, Arjen Lissenberg, Peter Briza, Saskia L. Smits |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Coronaviridae
Molecular Sequence Data Glycobiology and Extracellular Matrices Hemagglutinins Viral Biology Nidovirales Biochemistry law.invention Substrate Specificity Evolution Molecular chemistry.chemical_compound Antigen Species Specificity law Acetyltransferases Torovirus Animals Humans Receptor Molecular Biology chemistry.chemical_classification Hemagglutinin esterase Base Sequence Cell Biology Virology Sialic acid Enzyme chemistry Recombinant DNA Substrate specificity Receptors Virus Glycoprotein Viral Fusion Proteins |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Biological Chemistry |
| ISSN: | 1083-351X 0021-9258 |
| Popis: | Many viruses achieve reversible attachment to sialic acid (Sia) by encoding envelope glycoproteins with receptor-binding and receptor-destroying activities. Toroviruses and group 2 coronaviruses bind to O-acetylated Sias, presumably via their spike proteins (S), whereas other glycoproteins, the hemagglutinin-esterases (HE), destroy Sia receptors by de-O-acetylation. Here, we present a comprehensive study of these enzymes. Sialate-9-O-acetylesterases specific for 5-N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid, described for bovine and human coronaviruses, also occur in equine coronaviruses and in porcine toroviruses. Bovine toroviruses, however, express novel sialate-9-O-acetylesterases, which prefer the di-O-acetylated substrate 5-N-acetyl-7(8),9-di-O-acetylneuraminic acid. Whereas most rodent coronaviruses express sialate-4-O-acetylesterases, the HE of murine coronavirus DVIM cleaves 9-O-acetylated Sias. Under the premise that HE specificity reflects receptor usage, we propose that two types of Sias serve as initial attachment factors for coronaviruses in mice. There are striking parallels between orthomyxo- and nidovirus biology. Reminiscent of antigenic shifts in orthomyxoviruses, rodent coronaviruses exchanged S and HE sequences through recombination to extents not appreciated before. As for orthomyxovirus reassortants, the fitness of nidovirus recombinant offspring probably depends both on antigenic properties and on compatibility of receptor-binding and receptor-destroying activities. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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