New -way(s) with -ward(s): lexicalization, splitting and sociolinguistic patterns
| Autor: | Sali A. Tagliamonte, Karlien Franco |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
050101 languages & linguistics
Linguistics and Language Language & Linguistics Language change Lexicalization 05 social sciences Perspective (graphical) Social Sciences Linguistics 050105 experimental psychology Language and Linguistics Education Morpheme 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Sociology Suffix Adverbial |
| Zdroj: | Language Variation and Change. 32:217-239 |
| ISSN: | 1469-8021 0954-3945 |
| Popis: | This paper investigates the distribution of a morphological variable that has not gained much attention in the literature: adverbial -s versus -Ø. This morpheme predominantly occurs with adverbs ending in -ward(s), like forward(s), afterward(s), and inward(s), or -way(s), such as anyway(s) or halfway(s). Using a large database of sociolinguistic interviews of Ontario English and an apparent-time perspective, we show that the use of the variants changes over the twentieth century, with the adverbial suffixes -ward(s) and -way(s) behaving differently. -Ward(s) shows a trend towards -s, while most words in -way(s) increasingly take -Ø–splitting by adverbial suffix. Anyway(s) is an exception to this pattern, with a change from below towards -s, strongly conditioned by social standing. We also find evidence for lexicalization of forms without -s in phrasal verbs like to move forward. We explain these findings against the background of variationist sociolinguistic theory and principles of language change. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|