The Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus–1 Infection in Twin Pairs Born to Infected Mothers in Africa
| Autor: | Richard Pilon, Frances Yellin, Michelle Janes, Robin L. Broadhead, Vincent Senzani, Valentino M. Lema, Sharon Cassol, Newton Kumwenda, Taha E. Taha, Robert J. Biggar |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2003 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Twins HIV Infections Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Pregnancy Risk Factors Epidemiology Diseases in Twins medicine Humans Immunology and Allergy Pregnancy Complications Infectious Risk factor Sida biology Cesarean Section Obstetrics business.industry Infant Newborn Odds ratio Delivery Obstetric medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Infectious Disease Transmission Vertical Birth order Infectious Diseases In utero Africa Immunology HIV-1 Female Birth Order Pregnancy Multiple business |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 188:850-855 |
| ISSN: | 1537-6613 0022-1899 |
| DOI: | 10.1086/377584 |
| Popis: | We examined birth order and delivery route as risk factors for mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 in 315 twin pairs born in Malawi during 1994-1998. No antiretroviral drugs were administered to these subjects. Infections were detected by polymerase chain reaction and were stratified as having occurred either in utero, perinatally, or postnatally. Risk of in utero infection for 630 infants (39 infections) did not differ by birth order (first born, 6.3%; second born, 6.0%). Similarly, in 260 vaginally delivered infants evaluated for perinatal infection (45 infections), risk did not differ by birth order (first born, 15.9%; second born, 18.7%); risk of perinatal infection was significantly lower in cesarean-delivered infants (odds ratio, 0.19 [95% confidence interval, 0.02-0.78]). There was no effect on postnatal transmission rates. Thus, in contrast to the authors of earlier studies, we did not find birth order to be an important risk factor for infection in twins. These findings indicate that birth-canal exposure is not a major contributor to a newborn's risk of HIV-1 infection. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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