Nitric oxide bioavailability in malaria
| Autor: | Marcos Intaglietta, Henri C. van der Heyde, John A. Frangos, Irene Gramaglia, Peter Sobolewski |
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| Rok vydání: | 2005 |
| Předmět: |
Endothelium
Plasmodium falciparum Biological Availability Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II Nitric Oxide Nitric oxide Pathogenesis Hemoglobins chemistry.chemical_compound Immune system Superoxides parasitic diseases medicine Animals Humans Malaria Falciparum biology Anemia biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Bioavailability Nitric oxide synthase Infectious Diseases medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry Immunology biology.protein Parasitology Nitric Oxide Synthase Malaria |
| Zdroj: | Trends in Parasitology. 21:415-422 |
| ISSN: | 1471-4922 |
| Popis: | Rational development of adjunct or anti-disease therapy for severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria requires cellular and molecular definition of malarial pathogenesis. Nitric oxide (NO) is a potential target for such therapy but its role during malaria is controversial. It has been proposed that NO is produced at high levels to kill Plasmodium parasites, although the unfortunate consequence of elevated NO levels might be impaired neuronal signaling, oxidant damage and red blood cell damage that leads to anemia. In this case, inhibitors of NO production or NO scavengers might be an effective adjunct therapy. However, increasing amounts of evidence support the alternate hypothesis that NO production is limited during malaria. Furthermore, the well-documented NO scavenging by cell-free plasma hemoglobin and superoxide, the levels of which are elevated during malaria, has not been considered. Low NO bioavailability in the vasculature during malaria might contribute to pathologic activation of the immune system, the endothelium and the coagulation system: factors required for malarial pathogenesis. Therefore, restoring NO bioavailability might represent an effective anti-disease therapy. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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