Integrating Distributed Grids With Green Cellular Backhaul: From Competition to Cooperation
| Autor: | Youyun Xu, Dapeng Li, Haitao Zhao, Feng Tian, Guanglin Zhang |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
game theory
Mathematical optimization General Computer Science Computer science cellular backhaul 02 engineering and technology Energy storage 0203 mechanical engineering 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Stackelberg competition smart grids Wireless General Materials Science Green communications network economics business.industry General Engineering 020206 networking & telecommunications 020302 automobile design & engineering Renewable energy Backhaul (telecommunications) renewable energy allocation Microgrid lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering Energy source business lcsh:TK1-9971 |
| Zdroj: | IEEE Access, Vol 6, Pp 75798-75812 (2018) |
| ISSN: | 2169-3536 |
| Popis: | This paper considers the problem of renewable energy allocation for a cellular backhaul network where each backhaul node can request renewable energy from a microgrid to forward the traffic. Each microgrid includes multiple renewable power suppliers (RPSs), which directly compete with each other to be the sole supplier of the node. The operator needs to specify the energy storage level for each RPS along the backhaul and the wireless service price for the end users. Then, the RPSs will determine their individual energy prices. The problem is formulated as a Stackelberg game between the leader (the wireless operator) and multiple followers (RPSs). We will identify the RPSs’ unique equilibrium pricing scheme as well as the operator’s optimal energy storage and wireless service price decisions. Our analysis also provides the important observation that direct competition between RPSs on the same backhaul node will induce the operator to store more energy and can thus improve the revenues of both the operator and the RPSs. Furthermore, we consider that RPSs along the backhaul may form coalitions to better coordinate their pricing decisions when they sell energy to the wireless operator. Such a study leads to a hybrid two-level game whose the first level is similar to the Stackelberg game for the non-cooperative scenario. We will show that a coalition formation depends crucially on how the wireless traffic will be affected by the energy price reduction due to the coalition formation. In a nutshell, the proposed techniques provide insights for operating a green cellular backhaul by using the distribute energy sources in a decentralized market setting. Finally, simulation results are presented to compare the solutions of the competitive model with those of the cooperative model. We show that forming coalitions between RPSs benefits both the RPSs and the operator. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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