The gray matter structural connectome and its relationship to alcohol relapse: Reconnecting for recovery

Autor: Susanne G. Mueller, Dieter J. Meyerhoff
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Male
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Physiology
Alcohol use disorder
Medical and Health Sciences
Alcohol Use and Health
0302 clinical medicine
Recurrence
Gray Matter
gray matter volume
Prolonged abstinence
media_common
relapse
Alcohol Abstinence
Substance Abuse
Middle Aged
gray matter connectivity
Structural connectome
Frontal Lobe
Alcoholism
Psychiatry and Mental health
Frontal lobe
Female
After treatment
Adult
media_common.quotation_subject
alcohol use disorder
brain reward system
Biology
Article
03 medical and health sciences
Atrophy
Reward
Clinical Research
Behavioral and Social Science
Connectome
medicine
Humans
abstinence
Aged
Pharmacology
Prevention
Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Neurosciences
Abstinence
medicine.disease
Brain Disorders
030227 psychiatry
Insula
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj: Addiction biology, vol 26, iss 1
Addict Biol
ISSN: 1369-1600
1355-6215
Popis: Gray matter (GM) atrophy associated with alcohol use disorders (AUD) affects predominantly the frontal lobes. Less is known how frontal lobe GM loss affects GM loss in other regions and how it influences drinking behavior or relapse after treatment. The profile similarity index (PSI) combined with graph analysis allows to assess how GM loss in one region affects GM loss in regions connected to it, ie, GM connectivity. The PSI was used to describe the pattern of GM connectivity in 21 light drinkers (LDs) and in 54 individuals with AUD (ALC) early in abstinence. Effects of abstinence and relapse were determined in a subgroup of 36 participants after 3 months. Compared with LD, GM losses within the extended brain reward system (eBRS) at 1-month abstinence were similar between abstainers (ABST) and relapsers (REL), but REL had also GM losses outside the eBRS. Lower GM connectivities in ventro-striatal/hypothalamic and dorsolateral prefrontal regions and thalami were present in both ABST and REL. Between-networks connectivity loss of the eBRS in ABST was confined to prefrontal regions. About 3 months later, the GM volume and connectivity losses had resolved in ABST, and insula connectivity was increased compared with LD. GM losses and GM connectivity losses in REL were unchanged. Overall, prolonged abstinence was associated with a normalization of within-eBRS connectivity and a reconnection of eBRS structures with other networks. The re-formation of structural connectivities within and across networks appears critical for cognitive-behavioral functioning related to the capacity to maintain abstinence after outpatient treatment.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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