Synchronized practice helps bearded capuchin monkeys learn to extend attention while learning a tradition
| Autor: | Kellie Laity, Yonat Eshchar, Dorothy M. Fragaszy, Elisabetta Visalberghi, Briseida Dôgo de Resende, Patrícia Izar |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
learning Multidisciplinary primates education digestive oral and skin physiology 05 social sciences food and beverages Cognition 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences attention Developmental psychology tool use Time course Social partners 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology Psychology Sackler Colloquium on Extension of Biology Through Culture development |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 114 (2017): 7798–7805. doi:10.1073/pnas.1621071114 info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Fragaszy, Dorothy M.; Eshchar, Yonat; Visalberghi, Elisabetta; Resende, Briseida; Laity, Kellie; Izar, Patricia/titolo:Synchronized practice helps bearded capuchin monkeys learn to extend attention while learning a tradition/doi:10.1073%2Fpnas.1621071114/rivista:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America/anno:2017/pagina_da:7798/pagina_a:7805/intervallo_pagine:7798–7805/volume:114 |
| ISSN: | 1091-6490 0027-8424 |
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.1621071114 |
| Popis: | Culture extends biology in that the setting of development shapes the traditions that individuals learn, and over time, traditions evolve as occasional variations are learned by others. In humans, interactions with others impact the development of cognitive processes, such as sustained attention, that shape how individuals learn as well as what they learn. Thus, learning itself is impacted by culture. Here, we explore how social partners might shape the development of psychological processes impacting learning a tradition. We studied bearded capuchin monkeys learning a traditional tool-using skill, cracking nuts using stone hammers. Young monkeys practice components of cracking nuts with stones for years before achieving proficiency. We examined the time course of young monkeys’ activity with nuts before, during, and following others’ cracking nuts. Results demonstrate that the onset of others’ cracking nuts immediately prompts young monkeys to start handling and percussing nuts, and they continue these activities while others are cracking. When others stop cracking nuts, young monkeys sustain the uncommon actions of percussing and striking nuts for shorter periods than the more common actions of handling nuts. We conclude that nut-cracking by adults can promote the development of sustained attention for the critical but less common actions that young monkeys must practice to learn this traditional skill. This work suggests that in nonhuman species, as in humans, socially specified settings of development impact learning processes as well as learning outcomes. Nonhumans, like humans, may be culturally variable learners. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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