Response of the human gut and saliva microbiome to urbanization in Cameroon

Autor: Laure Ségurel, Mathieu Groussin, Francis Ekwin Tabe, Norbert Amougou, Rihlat Said-Mohamed, Sophie Lafosse, Alain Froment, Sophie Aflalo, Mathilde Poyet, Ana Lokmer
Přispěvatelé: Lokmer, Ana [0000-0003-4579-6607], Poyet, Mathilde [0000-0002-0942-7217], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Éco-Anthropologie (EAE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Patrimoines locaux, Environnement et Globalisation (PALOC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU), ANR-15-CE02-0003,MICROREGAL,Adaptations du microbiome intestinal humain aux changements passés et présents d'alimentation et de mode de vies(2015), Éco-Anthropologie (EA)
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Adult
Male
Saliva
Adolescent
Urban Population
media_common.quotation_subject
030106 microbiology
Zoology
lcsh:Medicine
Biology
Positive correlation
Article
Entamoeba
Microbial ecology
03 medical and health sciences
Feces
Young Adult
Human gut
Urbanization
Humans
Microbiome
Cameroon
lcsh:Science
media_common
Aged
2. Zero hunger
Stool consistency
Multidisciplinary
Bacteria
[SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE]
lcsh:R
1. No poverty
Middle Aged
[SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology
Diet
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
030104 developmental biology
Female
lcsh:Q
Rural area
[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
human activities
Diversity (politics)
[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology
environment/Symbiosis
Zdroj: Scientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2020)
Scientific Reports
Scientific Reports, Nature Publishing Group, 2020, 10 (1), ⟨10.1038/s41598-020-59849-9⟩
Scientific Reports, 2020, 10 (1), ⟨10.1038/s41598-020-59849-9⟩
ISSN: 2045-2322
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59849-9
Popis: Urban populations from highly industrialized countries are characterized by a lower gut bacterial diversity as well as by changes in composition compared to rural populations from less industrialized countries. To unveil the mechanisms and factors leading to this diversity loss, it is necessary to identify the factors associated with urbanization-induced shifts at a smaller geographical scale, especially in less industrialized countries. To do so, we investigated potential associations between a variety of dietary, medical, parasitological and socio-cultural factors and the gut and saliva microbiomes of 147 individuals from three populations along an urbanization gradient in Cameroon. We found that the presence of Entamoeba sp., a commensal gut protozoan, followed by stool consistency, were major determinants of the gut microbiome diversity and composition. Interestingly, urban individuals have retained most of their gut eukaryotic and bacterial diversity despite significant changes in diet compared to the rural areas, suggesting that the loss of bacterial microbiome diversity observed in industrialized areas is likely associated with medication. Finally, we observed a weak positive correlation between the gut and the saliva microbiome diversity and composition, even though the saliva microbiome is mainly shaped by habitat-related factors.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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