A comparative genome analysis of Rift Valley Fever virus isolates from foci of the disease outbreak in South Africa in 2008-2010
| Autor: | Phemelo S. Kegakilwe, Stephen J. Kemp, Antoinette van Schalkwyk, Phelix A.O. Majiwa, Baratang Alison Lubisi, Maanda Phosiwa, Moabi R. Maluleke, George Michuki |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
RNA viruses Veterinary medicine Rift Valley fever virus Rift Valley Fever Epidemiology Genome Geographical locations Disease Outbreaks Database and Informatics Methods South Africa 0302 clinical medicine Zoonoses Cape Bunyaviruses Rift Valley fever Pathology and laboratory medicine Neglected tropical diseases Phylogeny Viral Genomics lcsh:Public aspects of medicine Genomics Medical microbiology Geography Veterinary Diseases Viruses Infectious diseases Livestock Pathogens Sequence Analysis Reassortant Viruses Research Article lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine Buffaloes Bioinformatics lcsh:RC955-962 030231 tropical medicine Cattle Diseases Sheep Diseases Viral diseases Microbial Genomics Genome Viral Mosquito Vectors Research and Analysis Methods Disease cluster Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences Virology parasitic diseases Genetics Madagascar medicine Animals Humans DNA sequence analysis Medicine and health sciences Sheep Biology and life sciences business.industry Tropical diseases Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Organisms Viral pathogens Computational Biology Outbreak lcsh:RA1-1270 medicine.disease Kenya Microbial pathogens 030104 developmental biology North west Vector (epidemiology) Africa Veterinary Science Cattle People and places business |
| Zdroj: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 3, p e0006576 (2019) PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| ISSN: | 1935-2735 1935-2727 |
| Popis: | Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a re-emerging zoonotic disease responsible for major losses in livestock production, with negative impact on the livelihoods of both commercial and resource-poor farmers in sub-Sahara African countries. The disease remains a threat in countries where its mosquito vector thrives. Outbreaks of RVF usually follow weather conditions which favour increase in mosquito populations. Such outbreaks are usually cyclical, occurring every 10–15 years. Recent outbreaks of the disease in South Africa have occurred unpredictably and with increased frequency. In 2008, outbreaks were reported in Mpumalanga, Limpopo and Gauteng provinces, followed by 2009 outbreaks in KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga and Northern Cape provinces and in 2010 in the Eastern Cape, Northern Cape, Western Cape, North West, Free State and Mpumalanga provinces. By August 2010, 232 confirmed infections had been reported in humans, with 26 confirmed deaths.To investigate the evolutionary dynamics of RVF viruses (RVFVs) circulating in South Africa, we undertook complete genome sequence analysis of isolates from animals at discrete foci of the 2008–2010 outbreaks. The genome sequences of these viruses were compared with those of the viruses from earlier outbreaks in South Africa and in other countries. The data indicate that one 2009 and all the 2008 isolates from South Africa and Madagascar (M49/08) cluster in Lineage C or Kenya-1. The remaining of the 2009 and 2010 isolates cluster within Lineage H, except isolate M259_RSA_09, which is a probable segment M reassortant. This information will be useful to agencies involved in the control and management of Rift Valley fever in South Africa and the neighbouring countries. Author summary A single RVF virus serotype exists, yet differences in virulence and pathogenicity of the virus have been observed. This necessitates the need for detailed genetic characterization of various isolates of the virus. Some of the RVF virus isolates that caused the 2008–2010 disease outbreaks in South Africa were most probably reassortants resulting from exchange of portions of the genome, particularly those of segment M. Although clear association between RVFV genotype and phenotype has not been established, various amino acid substitutions have been implicated in the phenotype. Viruses with amino acid substitutions from glycine to glutamic acid at position 277 of segment M have been shown to be more virulent in mice in comparison to viruses with glycine at the same position. Phylogenetic analysis carried out in this study indicated that the viruses responsible for the 2008–2010 RVF outbreaks in South Africa were not introduced from outside the country, but mutated over time and caused the outbreaks when environmental conditions became favourable. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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