Glia cells in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: New clues to understanding an old disease?
| Autor: | Clemens Neusch, Christiane Schneider-Gold, Mathias Bähr |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2007 |
| Předmět: |
Central Nervous System
Physiology Schwann cell Cell Communication Biology 03 medical and health sciences Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine Degenerative disease Physiology (medical) medicine Animals Humans Premovement neuronal activity Gliosis Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 030304 developmental biology Motor Neurons 0303 health sciences Microglia Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Membrane Proteins Motor neuron medicine.disease Oligodendrocyte medicine.anatomical_structure nervous system Nerve Degeneration Neuroglia Neurology (clinical) Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | Muscle & Nerve. 35:712-724 |
| ISSN: | 1097-4598 0148-639X |
| DOI: | 10.1002/mus.20768 |
| Popis: | In classic neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the pathogenic concept of a cell-autonomous disease of motor neurons has been challenged increasingly in recent years. Macro- and microglial cells have come to the forefront for their role in multistep degenerative processes in ALS and respective disease models. The activation of astroglial and microglial cells occurs early in the pathogenesis of the disease and seems to greatly influence disease onset and promotion. The role of oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells remains elusive. In this review we highlight the impact of nonneuronal cells in ALS pathology. We discuss diverse glial membrane proteins that are necessary to control neuronal activity and neuronal cell survival, and summarize the contribution of these proteins to motor neuron death in ALS. We also describe recently discovered glial mechanisms that promote motor neuron degeneration using state-of-the-art genetic mouse technology. Finally, we provide an outlook on the extent to which these new pathomechanistic insights may offer novel therapeutic approaches. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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