Roles of Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils in Ischemic Brain Injury and Post-Ischemic Brain Remodeling
| Autor: | Ayan Mohamud Yusuf, Nina Hagemann, Peter Ludewig, Matthias Gunzer, Dirk M. Hermann |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils
Neutrophils Mini Review Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » Klinik für Neurologie Immunology Cell Plasticity Brain Remodeling Medizin Extracellular Traps Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » Institut für Experimentelle Immunologie und Bildgebung Brain Ischemia neuroinflammation ischemic stroke Immunology and Allergy Animals Humans ddc:610 brain remodeling Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » Center for Translational and Behavioral Neuroscience Clinical Trials as Topic Ischemic stroke polymorphonuclear neutrophils Disease Management hemic and immune systems RC581-607 Neuroprotection Stroke Neutrophil Infiltration Reperfusion Injury Microvessels Disease Progression Disease Susceptibility Immunologic diseases. Allergy focal cerebral ischemia |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 12 (2022) Frontiers in Immunology |
| Popis: | Following ischemic stroke, polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are rapidly recruited to the ischemic brain tissue and exacerbate stroke injury by release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), proteases and proinflammatory cytokines. PMNs may aggravate post-ischemic microvascular injury by obstruction of brain capillaries, contributing to reperfusion deficits in the stroke recovery phase. Thus, experimental studies which specifically depleted PMNs by delivery of anti-Ly6G antibodies or inhibited PMN brain entry, e.g., by CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) or very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) blockade in the acute stroke phase consistently reduced neurological deficits and infarct volume. Although elevated PMN responses in peripheral blood are similarly predictive for large infarcts and poor stroke outcome in human stroke patients, randomized controlled clinical studies targeting PMN brain infiltration did not improve stroke outcome or even worsened outcome due to serious complications. More recent studies showed that PMNs have decisive roles in post-ischemic angiogenesis and brain remodeling, most likely by promoting extracellular matrix degradation, thereby amplifying recovery processes in the ischemic brain. In this minireview, recent findings regarding the roles of PMNs in ischemic brain injury and post-ischemic brain remodeling are summarized. OA Förderung 2022 |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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