Epigenetic therapy for ovarian cancer: promise and progress

Autor: Stephanie Gomez, Aneil Srivastava, Monica Dandapani, Katherine B. Chiappinelli, Elisa Arthofer, Micael Lopez-Acevedo, Sara Moufarrij, Alejandro Villagra
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Oncology
endocrine system diseases
medicine.medical_treatment
lcsh:Medicine
Review
Disease
medicine.disease_cause
Epigenesis
Genetic
0302 clinical medicine
HDAC inhibitors
Molecular Targeted Therapy
Genetics (clinical)
Ovarian Neoplasms
Clinical Trials as Topic
DNA methylation
female genital diseases and pregnancy complications
3. Good health
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Female
Epigenetics
Epigenetic therapy
medicine.medical_specialty
lcsh:QH426-470
Antineoplastic Agents
03 medical and health sciences
Ovarian cancer
Internal medicine
Genetics
medicine
Humans
Molecular Biology
Survival rate
Neoplasm Staging
Chemotherapy
Taxane
business.industry
Histone modifications
lcsh:R
medicine.disease
DNMT inhibitors
lcsh:Genetics
030104 developmental biology
Drug Resistance
Neoplasm
Mutation
business
Carcinogenesis
Developmental Biology
Zdroj: Clinical Epigenetics, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2019)
Clinical Epigenetics
ISSN: 1868-7083
1868-7075
DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0602-0
Popis: Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecologic malignancy, with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 47%, a number that has remained constant over the past two decades. Early diagnosis improves survival, but unfortunately only 15% of ovarian cancers are diagnosed at an early or localized stage. Most ovarian cancers are epithelial in origin and treatment prioritizes surgery and cytoreduction followed by cytotoxic platinum and taxane chemotherapy. While most tumors will initially respond to this treatment, recurrence is likely to occur within a median of 16 months for patients who present with advanced stage disease. New treatment options separate from traditional chemotherapy that take advantage of advances in understanding of the pathophysiology of ovarian cancer are needed to improve outcomes. Recent work has shown that mutations in genes encoding epigenetic regulators are mutated in ovarian cancer, driving tumorigenesis and resistance to treatment. Several of these epigenetic modifiers have emerged as promising drug targets for ovarian cancer therapy. In this article, we delineate epigenetic abnormalities in ovarian cancer, discuss key scientific advances using epigenetic therapies in preclinical ovarian cancer models, and review ongoing clinical trials utilizing epigenetic therapies in ovarian cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-018-0602-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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