Regulation of cholesterol homeostasis by the liver X receptors in the central nervous system
| Autor: | Timothy K. Tippin, Mary Jo Numerick, Tammy M. Stone, Karl Whitney, Joan G. Wilson, Jon L. Collins, William G. Benson, Michael A. Watson, Steven A. Kliewer, Deborah A. Winegar |
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| Rok vydání: | 2002 |
| Předmět: |
Agonist
Central Nervous System medicine.medical_specialty medicine.drug_class Central nervous system Biology Cell Line chemistry.chemical_compound Mice Endocrinology In vivo Internal medicine Gene expression polycyclic compounds medicine Animals Homeostasis RNA Messenger Liver X receptor Molecular Biology In Situ Hybridization Cholesterol General Medicine In vitro medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry Gene Expression Regulation Organ Specificity lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Astrocyte |
| Zdroj: | Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.). 16(6) |
| ISSN: | 0888-8809 |
| Popis: | The nuclear oxysterol receptors liver X receptor-α [LXRα (NR1H3)] and LXRβ (NR1H2) coordinately regulate genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Although both LXR subtypes are expressed in the brain, their roles in this tissue remain largely unexplored. In this report, we show that LXR agonists have marked effects on gene expression in murine brain tissue both in vitro and in vivo. In primary astrocyte cultures, LXR agonists regulated several established LXR target genes, including ATP binding cassette transporter A1, and enhanced cholesterol efflux. In contrast, little or no effect on gene expression or cholesterol efflux was detected in primary neuronal cultures. Treatment of mice with a selective LXR agonist resulted in the induction of several LXR target genes related to cholesterol homeostasis in the cerebellum and hippocampus. These data provide the first evidence that the LXRs regulate cholesterol homeostasis in the central nervous system. Because dysregulation of cholesterol balance is implicated in central nervous system diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Niemann-Pick disease, pharmacological manipulation of the LXRs may prove beneficial in the treatment of these disorders. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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